A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a female client who is taking phenytoin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
"You should expect to have blood work every 6 months while taking this medication."
*You can safely take this medication if you become pregnant."
"You might experience swollen gums while taking this medication."
"You can skip a dose of this medication if you are nauseated."
The Correct Answer is C
A) "You should expect to have blood work every 6 months while taking this medication.": While it is important for clients on phenytoin to have regular blood work, especially to monitor drug levels and assess for potential side effects (e.g., liver function, complete blood count), the frequency of blood work is typically more frequent than every 6 months. Blood work is often performed at least every 3-6 months, or more frequently if there are concerns about phenytoin levels or side effects. Therefore, this statement is not accurate.
B) "You can safely take this medication if you become pregnant.": Phenytoin is classified as a Category D medication in pregnancy, meaning it has been shown to cause potential harm to the fetus. It is not considered safe during pregnancy, and women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should discuss alternative medications with their healthcare provider.
C) "You might experience swollen gums while taking this medication.": Gingival hyperplasia (swelling of the gums) is a common side effect of phenytoin. Clients taking this medication should be aware of this potential side effect and should be instructed on proper oral hygiene and regular dental checkups to help minimize this risk. This statement is accurate and should be included in the teaching.
D) "You can skip a dose of this medication if you are nauseated.": It is important not to skip doses of phenytoin, as maintaining therapeutic levels of the drug is crucial for its effectiveness in preventing seizures. If a client experiences nausea or difficulty taking the medication, they should contact their healthcare provider for guidance rather than skipping doses. Skipping doses could lead to breakthrough seizures.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Completely undress the toddler:
Completely undressing a toddler can cause unnecessary distress and anxiety, especially if they are not prepared for the examination. It’s more appropriate to undress the toddler only as needed for the physical exam and allow them to remain clothed or partially clothed whenever possible to help them feel secure.
B) Allow the toddler to handle the equipment:
Allowing a toddler to handle the medical equipment is an excellent way to reduce fear and anxiety. This familiarizes the child with the instruments and allows them to feel more in control of the situation. It also helps in building trust with the nurse, making the examination less intimidating for the toddler.
C) Start the examination with routine immunizations:
Immunizations can be particularly stressful for toddlers, so starting the examination with vaccines is not the best approach. It’s better to begin with non-invasive procedures, such as listening to the heart or measuring the toddler’s height and weight, to build rapport before proceeding to any painful procedures.
D) Thoroughly explain each procedure to the toddler:
While it’s important to explain the examination to the toddler in simple, age-appropriate language, toddlers typically have a limited understanding of detailed explanations. Over-explaining may increase anxiety. Instead, it's better to keep things brief and comforting, using simple phrases, and focus on creating a positive experience.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Orange juice:
Orange juice is high in potassium, with one cup containing a significant amount of the nutrient. For clients who need to limit their potassium intake due to an electrolyte imbalance (such as in kidney disease or hyperkalemia), orange juice should be avoided or consumed in limited amounts.
B) Baked chicken breast:
Baked chicken breast is the lowest in potassium among the options provided. While chicken does contain some potassium, it is relatively low compared to fruits and vegetables. This makes it a better choice for clients needing to limit their potassium intake. Lean meats like chicken are often recommended for clients on a restricted potassium diet.
C) Sweet potato:
Sweet potatoes are very high in potassium, especially when compared to many other vegetables. A serving of sweet potato can contain a large amount of potassium, making it unsuitable for clients who need to manage their potassium levels.
D) Cantaloupe:
Cantaloupe is also high in potassium. A single serving can provide a substantial amount of potassium, which can be problematic for clients with electrolyte imbalances who need to limit their potassium intake.
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