A nurse is assisting with the care of client.

Drag 1 condition and 1 finding to fill in each blank in the following sentences

The client likely suffered from

____

as evidenced by

____

.

A) "You should lay down for 1 hour following a meal.":
Laying down after eating can exacerbate GERD symptoms by promoting acid reflux. The nurse should advise the client to remain upright for at least 30 minutes after eating to prevent reflux. Lying down increases the likelihood of gastric contents moving back into the esophagus.

B) "You should only drink 2 cups of coffee per day.":
Caffeine is a known trigger for GERD and can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, increasing the risk of acid reflux. The nurse should suggest limiting or avoiding coffee altogether, rather than recommending a specific quantity, as even small amounts may aggravate symptoms.

C) "You should elevate the head of the bed while sleeping.":
Elevating the head of the bed is a common and effective strategy for managing GERD. This helps prevent acid reflux during sleep by utilizing gravity to keep stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus. A common recommendation is to elevate the head by 6-8 inches using blocks or a wedge pillow.

D) "You should eat three large meals and two snacks per day.":
Eating large meals can increase intra-abdominal pressure and promote acid reflux in clients with GERD. The nurse should recommend smaller, more frequent meals to reduce the risk of reflux and improve symptom control.

A) Occasional small clots in the urine:
Occasional small clots can be expected after a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) due to the surgical trauma to the prostate and surrounding tissues. However, any change in the nature or frequency of clots, or if they become larger, should be reported, but small clots are not immediately concerning in the early postoperative period.

B) Urine output of 300 mL over 8 hr:
This urine output is within a reasonable range. While urine output may be initially monitored closely after TURP, a volume of 300 mL over 8 hours does not constitute a concerning finding. It may be less than expected, but it is not an emergency. The nurse should continue to monitor urine output, but this is not immediately concerning unless the client has a significantly reduced or absent output.

C) Dark red urine:
Dark red urine is a concerning finding as it may indicate excessive bleeding or hemorrhage, especially within the first 24 hours after TURP. While some initial hematuria (blood in the urine) is common, the urine should not remain dark red or worsen. This could indicate active bleeding or a clot obstructing the urinary flow, which requires immediate intervention and reporting to the healthcare provider to prevent complications.

D) Frequent urge to urinate:
A frequent urge to urinate is not an unusual finding following TURP, as the bladder may be irritated due to the catheter or residual inflammation from the surgery. While it is a discomforting symptom, it is typically not an immediate concern and often resolves as the healing process progresses. However, persistent or painful urination may require further evaluation.