A nurse is caring for a client who is at 30 weeks of gestation.
The nurse should plan to immunize the client with which of the following vaccines? (Select all that apply)
Diphtheria-acellular pertussis.
Human papillomavirus.
Varicella.
Measles, mumps, and rubella.
Inactivated influenza.
Correct Answer : A,E
Choice A rationale
The Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine is recommended during each pregnancy, ideally between 27 and 36 weeks of gestation. This timing is crucial because it allows for the maternal production and optimal transplacental transfer of pertussis antibodies to the fetus. These antibodies provide crucial passive immunity to the newborn against pertussis (whooping cough), which is a severe and potentially fatal disease in infants before they can be directly immunized.
Choice B rationale
The Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is not recommended during pregnancy because there is limited safety data regarding its use in pregnant women. While it is not known to cause adverse fetal effects, it is a recombinant vaccine and, as a precautionary measure, it should be delayed until the postpartum period. Routine HPV vaccination is typically administered to adolescents and young adults up to age 26.
Choice C rationale
The Varicella vaccine is a live attenuated virus vaccine and is contraindicated in pregnancy due to the theoretical risk of transmission of the live virus to the fetus, which could potentially cause congenital varicella syndrome. Women who are non-immune to varicella should receive this vaccine postpartum, before being discharged from the hospital, to protect future pregnancies.
Choice D rationale
The Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is a live attenuated virus vaccine and is contraindicated in pregnancy due to the theoretical risk of fetal infection and subsequent congenital abnormalities, particularly from the rubella component. Women who are not immune to rubella should be vaccinated postpartum and advised to avoid conception for about one month following vaccination.
Choice E rationale
The inactivated influenza (flu shot) vaccine is recommended for all women who are pregnant during the flu season, regardless of their stage of gestation, including at 30 weeks. This is a killed virus vaccine and is considered safe in pregnancy. It protects the mother from severe influenza illness and also provides the newborn with passive immunity in the initial months of life.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.25"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Determine the number of tablets by dividing the prescribed dose by the available dose per tablet. (50 mcg÷ 200 mcg/tablet) = 0.25 tablet. The final calculated answer is 0.25 tablet.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Newborns require substantial sleep for optimal growth and neurological development, often sleeping for 16 to 20 hours in a 24-hour period, though this varies. This is a normal physiologic finding, reflecting the rapid growth and high metabolic demands of infancy, and does not require immediate medical attention. The sleep is typically fragmented into short bouts.
Choice B rationale
Decreased urine output, specifically fewer than 6 to 8 wet diapers in 24 hours after the first few days of life, is a critical sign of dehydration and inadequate fluid intake, especially if the newborn is breastfed. This insufficient hydration can lead to hyperbilirubinemia, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalance, requiring prompt medical evaluation.
Choice C rationale
Newborn stools can normally be loose and frequent, especially in breastfed infants, who often pass stools several times a day. Stools in the first week progress from meconium to transitional to yellow, seedy, and loose, which is a normal finding and generally does not warrant contacting the provider unless signs of illness or diarrhea are present.
Choice D rationale
The umbilical cord stump usually dries and falls off within 1 to 3 weeks after birth due to a process of dry gangrene and separation. While most detach earlier, remaining attached after 1 week is still within the realm of normal variation and is not typically a cause for immediate concern unless signs of infection are present.
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