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A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and notes the client is declining. Which of the following would indicate the client is in a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

Hypertension

Fruity breath

Ketosis

Glucose level of 650 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Hypertension can be a symptom of many conditions and is not specific to HHS.

B. Fruity breath is typically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) due to the presence of acetone, not HHS.

C. Ketosis is a key feature of DKA, not HHS. In HHS, ketosis is usually absent or minimal.

D. A glucose level of 650 mg/dL is indicative of HHS, which is characterized by extremely high blood glucose levels without significant ketosis. HHS often occurs in type

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Discomfort at the puncture site is expected after a thoracentesis and typically managed with analgesics.

B. A decreased temperature is not a common complication of thoracentesis and might indicate other issues, but it is not immediately alarming.

C. An increased heart rate (tachycardia) could be a sign of a pneumothorax, hemorrhage, or other serious complications following thoracentesis. This requires immediate assessment and intervention.

D. Serosanguineous drainage is expected to some extent, but it should be monitored for changes that might indicate a complication such as infection or continued bleeding.

A. Drowsiness B. Heat intolerance C. Bradycardia D. Dry skin

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Drowsiness is not typically associated with thyrotoxicosis; rather, clients are more likely to experience restlessness or insomnia.

B. Heat intolerance is a common symptom of thyrotoxicosis, reflecting the increased metabolic rate associated with excessive thyroid hormone levels.

C. Bradycardia is associated with hypothyroidism, not thyrotoxicosis. In thyrotoxicosis, tachycardia or palpitations are more likely.

D. Dry skin is a symptom of hypothyroidism, whereas in thyrotoxicosis, the skin may become warm, moist, and flushed.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and notes the client is declining. Which of the following would indicate the client is in a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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Correct Answer is B

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