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A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and notes the client is declining. Which of the following would indicate the client is in a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

Hypertension

Fruity breath

Ketosis

Glucose level of 650 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Hypertension can be a symptom of many conditions and is not specific to HHS.

B. Fruity breath is typically associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) due to the presence of acetone, not HHS.

C. Ketosis is a key feature of DKA, not HHS. In HHS, ketosis is usually absent or minimal.

D. A glucose level of 650 mg/dL is indicative of HHS, which is characterized by extremely high blood glucose levels without significant ketosis. HHS often occurs in type

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Flank pain alone is not a contraindication for a kidney biopsy, although it may be a symptom that necessitates the biopsy to determine the cause of kidney issues.

B. An elevated creatinine level indicates impaired kidney function but is not a contraindication for a kidney biopsy; in fact, it may be a reason to perform the biopsy.

C. A coagulation disorder is a contraindication for a kidney biopsy because it increases the risk of bleeding during and after the procedure. It is crucial to ensure that coagulation parameters are within a safe range before performing this invasive test.

D. Urinary retention does not contraindicate a kidney biopsy, although it may need to be addressed separately.

A. Coffee B. Milk C. Alcohol D. Grapefruit juice

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Coffee does not interact with glimepiride.

B. Milk is not contraindicated with glimepiride.

C. Alcohol should be avoided while taking glimepiride, as it can potentiate the hypoglycemic effects of the medication and may increase the risk of a severe drop in blood sugar levels.

D. Grapefruit juice is not known to have a significant interaction with glimepiride.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and notes the client is declining. Which of the following would indicate the client is in a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing a client for a kidney biopsy. Which of the following client conditions should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this diagnostic test?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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