A nurse is caring for a client who has inflammation of the glomeruli which was discovered by a routine urinalysis. The nurse understands that which of the following autoimmune disorders can cause chronic glomerulonephritis?

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

Myasthenia gravis (MG)

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   MS is an autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system, not the kidneys.
B.   MG is an autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction, not the kidneys.
C.   GBS is an autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system, not the kidneys.
D.   SLE is a systemic autoimmune disorder that can affect multiple organs, including the kidneys. Glomerulonephritis is a common complication of SLE.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Radiofrequency catheter ablation involves the use of electrical energy (radiofrequency energy) delivered through a catheter to destroy or ablate the areas of the heart tissue responsible for the abnormal electrical signals causing atrial flutter. This destruction of tissue helps to interrupt the abnormal electrical pathways and restore normal rhythm.
B. The procedure for atrial flutter ablation does not use cold therapy. Instead, it uses radiofrequency energy (heat) to ablate the tissue. Cold therapy, or cryoablation, is a different technique that uses extreme cold to achieve similar effects but is not the standard approach for radiofrequency catheter ablation.
C. Radiofrequency catheter ablation does not involve removing clots. The primary purpose of the procedure is to ablate abnormal tissue causing arrhythmias, not to address clots. Managing clots may involve anticoagulant therapy or other treatments, but it is not the focus of ablation.
D. Radiofrequency catheter ablation does not stimulate the growth of new conduction pathways. Instead, it aims to destroy the abnormal conduction pathways responsible for arrhythmias.

A. A client who is being treated for otitis media B. A client who has experienced an injury to the eardrum C. A client who works in a loud environment D. A client whose ear canal is impacted with wax

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Otitis media is an infection or inflammation of the middle ear. This condition primarily affects the middle ear structures and can cause conductive hearing loss, which is due to problems with sound transmission through the outer or middle ear.
B. An injury to the eardrum, such as a perforation, can lead to conductive hearing loss. This occurs because the eardrum (tympanic membrane) is crucial for transmitting sound waves from the outer ear to the middle ear. While an eardrum injury affects sound transmission, it does not directly damage the inner ear or auditory nerve, so it does not typically cause sensorineural hearing loss.
C. Exposure to loud noise is a common cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Prolonged or intense noise exposure can damage the sensory hair cells in the cochlea or the auditory nerve pathways, leading to permanent hearing loss. This type of hearing loss is due to damage in the inner ear or auditory nerve rather than the outer or middle ear structures.
D. Impacted earwax can cause conductive hearing loss by blocking sound transmission through the ear canal. This type of hearing loss is due to a blockage and is usually reversible once the wax is removed. It does not cause sensorineural hearing loss, which involves damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has inflammation of the glomeruli which was discovered by a routine urinalysis. The nurse understands that which of the following autoimmune disorders can cause chronic glomerulonephritis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient who is scheduled for a radiofrequency catheter ablation for treatment of atrial flutter?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following clients is at risk for sensorineural hearing loss?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse in the emergency department is admitting a client. Exhibits For each of the following findings in the client's medical record, click to specify if they are consistent with unstable angina or a myocardial infarction (MI). Each finding may support more than one disease process.

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