A nurse is caring for a client who has expressive aphasia. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to meet the communication needs of this client?

Instruct the client to blink his eyes as a response.

Increase voice volume when speaking to the client.

Avoid using hand gestures.

Enunciate words slowly.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Instruct the client to blink his eyes as a response: Expressive aphasia affects a person's ability to speak or write, but comprehension is often intact. Encouraging nonverbal communication methods such as blinking for "yes" or "no" responses can help the client effectively express needs and participate in care decisions without requiring speech.

B. Increase voice volume when speaking to the client: Raising the volume does not assist clients with expressive aphasia, as their difficulty lies in expression rather than hearing. Speaking louder can be perceived as frustrating or disrespectful and may not improve understanding or communication for the client.

C. Avoid using hand gestures: Hand gestures and facial expressions can enhance communication for individuals with aphasia by providing visual cues. Avoiding gestures removes a valuable tool that may help the client interpret and respond to messages, especially when they cannot verbalize thoughts.

D. Enunciate words slowly: While speaking clearly is beneficial in many communication disorders, expressive aphasia primarily impairs output, not comprehension. Enunciating slowly may not help the client respond more effectively and is more useful in receptive or global aphasia cases.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "I will keep the drainage bag below the level of my waist.": Keeping the drainage bag below the waist or bladder level is essential to prevent backflow of urine, which can lead to infection or bladder distention. This practice promotes proper drainage by gravity and helps reduce the risk of urinary tract infections.

B. "I will apply antiseptic ointment to the tip of my penis.": Applying antiseptic ointment is generally not recommended unless specifically prescribed by a healthcare provider. Routine use of ointments can irritate the urethral area or disrupt normal flora, potentially increasing infection risk.

C. "I will empty my drainage bag once a day.": Emptying the drainage bag only once daily is insufficient and increases the risk of urinary stasis and infection. The bag should be emptied regularly, at least every 8 hours or when it is two-thirds full, to maintain proper flow and reduce bacterial growth.

D. "I will clamp the tube when I go for a walk.": Clamping the catheter tubing can cause urine retention and increase the risk of bladder overdistention and infection. The tubing should remain open to allow continuous drainage regardless of activity level to ensure bladder emptying and prevent complications.

A. Headache B. Urticaria C. Dyspnea D. Hyperthermia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Headache: Headache can occur during a transfusion reaction but is usually a less urgent symptom. It should be monitored but is not the highest priority.

B. Urticaria: Urticaria (hives) often indicates a mild allergic reaction to the transfusion. It requires intervention but is generally not immediately life-threatening.

C. Dyspnea: Dyspnea signals possible respiratory distress, which may indicate a severe transfusion reaction such as anaphylaxis or transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). This requires immediate attention and reporting to prevent respiratory failure.

D. Hyperthermia: A fever during transfusion suggests a febrile non-hemolytic reaction or infection risk, which is important but typically not as urgent as respiratory distress.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has expressive aphasia. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to meet the communication needs of this client?

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