A nurse is caring for a client who has developed diseases of large and medium-sized blood vessels because of diabetes. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate if the client has cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease?
Macrovascular angiopathy
Diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic neuropathy
Microvascular angiopathy
The Correct Answer is A
A. Macrovascular angiopathy refers to damage in large and medium-sized vessels, which is associated with cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, and peripheral vascular disease in diabetic patients.
B. Diabetic nephropathy involves the kidneys, not the large or medium blood vessels.
C. Diabetic neuropathy affects nerves rather than blood vessels.
D. Microvascular angiopathy involves small vessels, typically affecting the eyes, kidneys, and nerves.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Glycosylated hemoglobin A1C provides an average of the patient's blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months and is the standard test used to evaluate long-term glycemic control in patients with diabetes.
B. A urine dipstick for glucose measures glucose in the urine but does not provide an accurate assessment of overall blood glucose control or effectiveness of treatment.
C. Fasting blood glucose is useful for assessing current blood sugar levels but does not reflect long-term management or control.
D. An oral glucose tolerance test is typically used for diagnosing diabetes rather than for ongoing monitoring of treatment effectiveness.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Urine-specific gravity provides information on the kidney's ability to concentrate urine but is not the most direct measure of renal function.
B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) can indicate kidney function but is influenced by factors other than kidney health, such as hydration status and protein intake.
C. Serum sodium levels are not a specific indicator of renal function and can vary based on many factors unrelated to kidney health.
D. Serum creatinine is the best indicator of renal function, as it is produced from muscle metabolism and cleared by the kidneys; elevated levels indicate decreased renal function.
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