A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client's blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following?

4 oz diet soda

1 tsp sugar

4 oz skim milk

Graham crackers

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. 4 oz diet soda: Diet soda contains artificial sweeteners, not real sugar, and therefore will not effectively raise blood glucose levels. It's not suitable for treating hypoglycemia.

B. 1 tsp sugar: While 1 tsp of sugar can provide some glucose, the amount is insufficient to treat hypoglycemia effectively. The American Diabetes Association recommends 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, which is equivalent to about 4 teaspoons of sugar, not 1.

C. 4 oz skim milk: Skim milk contains both carbohydrates (approximately 12 grams of carbohydrates per 8 oz, so 4 oz would provide around 6 grams) and protein. While it can help raise blood glucose, it may not provide the recommended 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates to treat hypoglycemia quickly enough.

D. Graham crackers: Foods with a high glycemic index (GI), such as graham crackers, can cause blood sugar levels to rise relatively quickly. Graham crackers, being high in refined carbohydrates, can indeed result in a rapid increase in blood glucose levels compared to low-GI foods.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Restrict fluid intake: In Addison's disease, there is often a risk of dehydration due to insufficient aldosterone leading to fluid loss and electrolyte imbalance. Fluid restriction could exacerbate these problems and is contraindicated.

B. Weigh the client daily. Monitoring daily weight is crucial to detect rapid weight changes which can indicate fluid imbalance, a common issue in Addison's disease. It helps in early detection of complications like dehydration or fluid overload.

C. Provide a low-carbohydrate diet. A low-carbohydrate diet is not specifically recommended for Addison's disease. Clients with Addison’s might need an adequate intake of carbohydrates to prevent hypoglycemia, particularly during stress or illness.

D. Administer oral corticosteroids. Addison's disease is characterized by insufficient production of corticosteroids. Administering oral corticosteroids is essential to replace the missing hormones and prevent an Addisonian crisis, especially during stress or illness.

A. Hypoglycemia B. Cardiac dysrhythmias C. Neurogenic shock D. Seizures

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia is not directly related to low potassium levels. While electrolyte imbalances can impact overall metabolic processes, hypoglycemia is more commonly associated with insulin use or other medications, rather than hypokalemia.

B. Cardiac dysrhythmias: Hypokalemia (potassium level of 3.3 mEq/L) is associated with an increased risk of cardiac dysrhythmias because potassium is crucial for normal electrical activity in the heart. Low potassium can lead to abnormal heart rhythms, which can be dangerous and life-threatening.

C. Neurogenic shock: Neurogenic shock is typically related to a sudden loss of sympathetic nervous system signals, often from spinal cord injury, and is not directly associated with low potassium levels.

D. Seizures: Seizures are not a common complication of hypokalemia. They are more often related to severe electrolyte imbalances like low sodium, or neurological conditions, rather than low potassium.

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A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client's blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has Addison's disease and is at risk for Addisonian crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who takes furosemide for hypertension. The nurse notes that the client's potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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