A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client's blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following?
4 oz diet soda
1 tsp sugar
4 oz skim milk
Graham crackers
The Correct Answer is D
A. 4 oz diet soda: Diet soda contains artificial sweeteners, not real sugar, and therefore will not effectively raise blood glucose levels. It's not suitable for treating hypoglycemia.
B. 1 tsp sugar: While 1 tsp of sugar can provide some glucose, the amount is insufficient to treat hypoglycemia effectively. The American Diabetes Association recommends 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, which is equivalent to about 4 teaspoons of sugar, not 1.
C. 4 oz skim milk: Skim milk contains both carbohydrates (approximately 12 grams of carbohydrates per 8 oz, so 4 oz would provide around 6 grams) and protein. While it can help raise blood glucose, it may not provide the recommended 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates to treat hypoglycemia quickly enough.
D. Graham crackers: Foods with a high glycemic index (GI), such as graham crackers, can cause blood sugar levels to rise relatively quickly. Graham crackers, being high in refined carbohydrates, can indeed result in a rapid increase in blood glucose levels compared to low-GI foods.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Have an eye examination once per year." Annual eye examinations are essential for detecting diabetic retinopathy early. Early detection and treatment can help prevent vision loss. This is a key recommendation for managing diabetes-related eye complications.
B. "Examine your feet carefully every day." While daily foot examinations are important for preventing diabetic foot ulcers and other complications, they do not directly address the prevention of retinopathy and nephropathy, which are more related to blood glucose control and vascular health.
C. "Wear compression stockings daily." Compression stockings are used to manage conditions like chronic venous insufficiency and to prevent deep vein thrombosis, but they are not related to the prevention of diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy.
D. "Maintain stable blood glucose levels." Keeping blood glucose levels stable is crucial for preventing both retinopathy and nephropathy. Chronic hyperglycemia is a major risk factor for these complications, and good glycemic control reduces the risk of developing or worsening these conditions. This is also crucial but does not specifically target the complications as precisely as regular eye exams do.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Anti-inflammatory: While aspirin does have anti-inflammatory properties, it is not given for this purpose in the context of preventing heart attacks. The anti-inflammatory action is more relevant in conditions like arthritis.
B. Analgesic: Aspirin is an analgesic and can relieve pain, but this is not the primary reason for its use in clients with a history of myocardial infarction.
C. Antipyretic: Aspirin has antipyretic properties, meaning it can reduce fever, but this is not the reason it is prescribed following a myocardial infarction.
D. Antiplatelet aggregate: Aspirin is used in clients with a history of myocardial infarction for its antiplatelet properties. It helps to prevent the aggregation of platelets, thereby reducing the risk of blood clots that can lead to another heart attack.
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