A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client's blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following?

4 oz diet soda

1 tsp sugar

4 oz skim milk

Graham crackers

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. 4 oz diet soda: Diet soda contains artificial sweeteners, not real sugar, and therefore will not effectively raise blood glucose levels. It's not suitable for treating hypoglycemia.

B. 1 tsp sugar: While 1 tsp of sugar can provide some glucose, the amount is insufficient to treat hypoglycemia effectively. The American Diabetes Association recommends 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, which is equivalent to about 4 teaspoons of sugar, not 1.

C. 4 oz skim milk: Skim milk contains both carbohydrates (approximately 12 grams of carbohydrates per 8 oz, so 4 oz would provide around 6 grams) and protein. While it can help raise blood glucose, it may not provide the recommended 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates to treat hypoglycemia quickly enough.

D. Graham crackers: Foods with a high glycemic index (GI), such as graham crackers, can cause blood sugar levels to rise relatively quickly. Graham crackers, being high in refined carbohydrates, can indeed result in a rapid increase in blood glucose levels compared to low-GI foods.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hyperpigmentation: This can occur due to increased production of melanin-stimulating hormones in some cases of Cushing's syndrome.

B. Weight loss: Weight loss is not a common feature of Cushing's syndrome. Instead, it usually presents with weight gain, particularly in the trunk and face (leading to "moon face" and "buffalo hump").

C. Hypotension: Hypotension is more common in Addison's disease due to the lack of cortisol and aldosterone. Cushing's syndrome is associated with hypertension due to excess cortisol increasing blood pressure.

D. Diaphoresis: Excessive sweating is not a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome.

A. Maintain oxygen saturations greater than or equal to 92%. B. Obtain an EKG. C. Administer enteric-coated acetaminophen. D. Administer ibuprofen.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Maintain oxygen saturations greater than or equal to 92%: Maintaining oxygen saturation is important but is not the immediate priority. The symptoms suggest a possible myocardial infarction (heart attack), and the primary focus should be on immediate diagnostic assessment and treatment.

B. Obtain an EKG: The symptoms described (pain in the jaw, back, and shoulder, along with shortness of breath and nausea) are classic signs of a myocardial infarction. An EKG is essential to quickly diagnose this potentially life-threatening condition and guide further treatment.

C. Administer enteric-coated acetaminophen: Acetaminophen is typically used for pain relief or fever reduction, not for the treatment of symptoms that may indicate a heart attack. It does not address the potential underlying cause, which is more serious.

D. Administer ibuprofen: Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that may provide pain relief but is not appropriate for a suspected myocardial infarction. NSAIDs can also potentially increase the risk of cardiovascular events and would not be suitable in this context.

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A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client's blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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