A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal surgical incision and notes an evisceration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Instruct the client to lie supine with his knees flexed.

Position the client in semi-Fowler's position.

Cover the wound with a dry sterile dressing.

Cover the wound with a transparent dressing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The correct answer is choice A. Instruct the client to lie supine with his knees flexed. Choice A rationale: This position reduces tension on the abdominal incision and can help minimize further protrusion of the abdominal contents. It also facilitates easier coverage of the wound and can help prevent additional injury. Choice B rationale: Semi-Fowler's position is not appropriate in this scenario because it can increase intra-abdominal pressure and exacerbate the evisceration. It may also make it more difficult to manage the protruding organs and to cover the wound adequately. Choice C rationale: Covering the wound with a dry sterile dressing is not sufficient in the case of evisceration. The exposed organs need to be kept moist to prevent tissue drying and damage. Sterile saline-soaked dressings are typically recommended in such cases. Choice D rationale: A transparent dressing is not appropriate for evisceration as it does not provide the necessary moisture and protection. Transparent dressings are more suitable for minor wounds or as secondary dressings but not for exposed internal organs.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS): The NIPS is a widely used and validated pain assessment tool specifically designed for newborns, including full-term infants like the 38-week gestation newborn in this case. It evaluates behavioral indicators such as facial expressions, crying, arm and leg movement, and physiological indicators like breathing patterns.

B. FACES pain rating scaleis designed for older children who can self-report pain by selecting a facial expression corresponding to their level of discomfort. It is not suitable for newborns who cannot self-report their pain.

C. Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP):The PIPP is specifically designed for preterm infants (less than 37 weeks of gestation) and assesses pain based on behavioral and physiological indicators.

D. Visual Analog Scale (VAS): The VAS requires a client to self-report their pain by indicating a point along a continuum, which is not appropriate for newborns.

A. Steps required for dressing change B. Admission vital signs C. Preferred bath time D. Time of last pain medication

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is D.

Time of last pain medication. The nurse should include information that is relevant and essential for the continuity of care of the client, such as current assessment findings, interventions performed, response to treatment, and pending tests or procedures. The time of last pain medication is important to report because it affects the client's comfort level and mobility, and it helps the oncoming nurse plan when to administer the next dose of analgesia.

The steps required for dressing change are not necessary to report because they are usually standardized and documented in the policy manual or the care plan. The admission vital signs are not relevant to report because they do not reflect the client's current status. The preferred bath time is not essential to report because it can be obtained from the client or the chart.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal surgical incision and notes an evisceration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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