A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The client asks the nurse why she needs to take four different antituberculotic medications. Which of the following replies should the nurse make?
"The organism that causes TB becomes resistant to antituberculotic medications when you only take one medication."
Taking several antituberculotic medications will protect your liver from toxic effects."
"People who have a severe form of TB need several antituberculotic medications, but those who have less severe TB need just one medication."
"Adverse effects occur more often and are more severe when you take only one antituberculotic medication."
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason:
"The organism that causes TB becomes resistant to antituberculotic medications when you only take one medication." This statement is appropriate.
Tuberculosis bacteria tend to develop resistance to single medications when used alone. Using multiple medications simultaneously helps prevent the bacteria from becoming resistant to any single drug. This strategy, known as combination therapy, is crucial in treating TB effectively and reducing the risk of drug resistance.
When TB bacteria are exposed to just one medication, they can mutate and become resistant to that specific drug. However, using a combination of medications helps ensure that if one medication fails to eliminate some bacteria due to resistance, the other drugs can still work against the resistant strains.
Preventing drug resistance is essential for successful TB treatment and to avoid the need for more complex and less effective medications if resistance develops.
Choice B Reason:
"Taking several antituberculotic medications will protect your liver from toxic effects." This statement is incorrect. While it's true that some antituberculotic medications can have hepatotoxic effects (adverse effects on the liver), the primary reason for using multiple medications in TB treatment isn't solely to protect the liver. The main goal of using multiple medications is to prevent the development of drug-resistant strains of TB bacteria. Protecting the liver is an important consideration in medication selection and monitoring but isn't the primary rationale for multiple medications.
Choice C Reason:
"People who have a severe form of TB need several antituberculotic medications, but those who have less severe TB need just one medication." This statement is incorrect. The severity of TB doesn't determine the number of medications required. The standard treatment approach for TB involves multiple medications, regardless of the severity. This approach aims to prevent the development of drug resistance, ensure effective treatment, and reduce the risk of treatment failure. Using a combination of medications is a fundamental strategy to combat TB effectively.
Choice D Reason:
"Adverse effects occur more often and are more severe when you take only one antituberculotic medication." This statement is incorrect. While it's true that adverse effects can occur with antituberculotic medications, the primary reason for using multiple medications isn't solely to reduce adverse effects. The main concern addressed by using multiple drugs is preventing the development of drug-resistant TB strains. Using a combination of medications reduces the likelihood of resistance developing and increases the effectiveness of treatment, rather than solely minimizing adverse effects.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Encouraging three large meals daily might not be feasible for someone experiencing malnutrition and decreased appetite. Smaller, more frequent meals or snacks throughout the day could be better tolerated and more beneficial.
Choice B Reason:
Administering an antiemetic after each meal assumes that the client will experience nausea or vomiting regularly after eating. This might not be the case for all clients with AIDS and may not be necessary if the primary issue is malnutrition without associated frequent vomiting.
Choice C Reason:
Seasoning foods with spices might improve the taste of food and potentially stimulate appetite, but it's not as direct or comprehensive a measure for addressing malnutrition as providing a high-calorie diet.
Choice D Reason:
Provide a high-calorie diet is correct. Clients with AIDS often experience malnutrition due to various factors such as decreased appetite, difficulty eating, or malabsorption. Offering a high-calorie diet can help address nutritional deficiencies and support the body's increased energy needs.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Setting the degree of flexion and extension as tolerated by the client is generally appropriate in a CPM device, but this should be done within the prescribed range recommended by the healthcare provider. Simply allowing the client to adjust the degree of flexion and extension without guidance might lead to overextension or inadequate movement, potentially causing discomfort or hindering recovery.
Choice B Reason:
Padding the CPM device with a thick pillow isn't the recommended approach. CPM devices typically come with appropriate padding to ensure comfort and proper positioning. Using a thick pillow might alter the device's mechanics or cause uneven support, affecting the intended movement of the knee.
Choice C Reason:
Placing the client in high-Fowler's position (sitting upright at a 90-degree angle) isn't a standard or necessary position for using a CPM device after a knee arthroplasty. The client can typically use the CPM device while lying in a comfortable and relaxed position, following the healthcare provider's instructions regarding positioning during CPM therapy.
Choice D Reason:
Aligning the client's joints with the joints on the frame is essential for the correct function of the CPM device. This alignment helps in providing the intended range of motion without causing unnecessary stress or strain on the knee joint.
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