A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of hypertension. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize is indicative of transient ischemic attacks?

Epigastric pain

Seizure activity

Sudden loss of vision in one eye

Pain radiating down the left arm

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Epigastric pain suggests GI issues, not TIAs. In hypertension, TIAs affect cerebral vessels, causing neurological deficits, not abdominal symptoms like this.

Choice B reason: Seizures stem from cortical irritation, not typical TIA vascular occlusion. Hypertension-related TIAs produce transient deficits, not convulsive activity usually.

Choice C reason: Sudden monocular vision loss (amaurosis fugax) is a classic TIA sign in hypertension. It reflects temporary retinal artery occlusion, resolving quickly.

Choice D reason: Left arm pain mimics cardiac issues, not TIAs. Hypertension TIAs target brain circulation, causing focal deficits, not referred pain patterns.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, lowers BP, causing orthostatic hypotension. Caution when standing prevents falls, showing grasp of this key side effect.

Choice B reason: Leafy greens affect warfarin, not metoprolol. No dietary restriction applies, so this reflects confusion about beta-blocker side effects.

Choice C reason: Weight gain, not loss, may occur with metoprolol from fluid retention. Expecting loss misinterprets its metabolic impact, indicating misunderstanding.

Choice D reason: Taste loss isn’t a metoprolol effect; it’s linked to other drugs. This shows incorrect attribution of side effects to the medication.

A. Turn on overhead lights briefly when checking IV lines. B. Wear shoes with rubber soles. C. Open curtains between clients in semiprivate rooms. D. Conduct change-of-shift report near the clients’ rooms.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Turning on overhead lights disrupts sleep by stimulating retinal photoreceptors, raising alertness via melatonin suppression. Scientifically, dim or red light preserves rest, making this contrary to reducing environmental stressors for sleep optimization in acute care settings.

Choice B reason: Rubber-soled shoes reduce noise from footsteps, minimizing auditory disturbances to sleep. Scientifically, quiet environments lower cortisol and enhance sleep quality, aligning with evidence-based stressor reduction strategies to promote rest in hospital clients effectively.

Choice C reason: Opening curtains increases light and noise exposure, disrupting sleep cycles via circadian misalignment. Scientifically, darkness supports melatonin production, so this heightens stressors, opposing the goal of improving rest in shared hospital rooms per sleep science.

Choice D reason: Shift reports near rooms raise noise levels, activating the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, disturbing sleep. Scientifically, quiet zones reduce awakenings, making this detrimental to stressor reduction, as it elevates auditory interference contrary to sleep promotion goals.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of hypertension. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize is indicative of transient ischemic attacks?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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