A nurse is performing nasopharyngeal suctioning for an adult client. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use?

The nurse should identify that emotional dysregulation and fear of abandonment indicate manifestations of borderline personality disorder. Emotional dysregulation is a hallmark of borderline personality disorder (BPD), characterized by intense and rapidly shifting emotions. Fear of abandonment is a core feature of BPD, leading to anxiety and distress over perceived or anticipated rejection by significant others.

A. Tactile hallucinations: Tactile hallucinations refer to false perceptions of touch or physical sensations on the skin, which are not typically associated with borderline personality disorder. These hallucinations are more commonly associated with conditions like schizophrenia or substance-induced disorders.
B. Emotional ability: Emotional dysregulation is a hallmark of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Individuals with BPD often experience intense and rapidly shifting emotions that can be triggered by seemingly minor events. This emotional volatility can lead to difficulties in interpersonal relationships and impulsive behaviors.
C. Fear of abandonment: Fear of abandonment is a core feature of borderline personality disorder. Individuals with BPD often experience intense anxiety and distress when they perceive or anticipate rejection or abandonment by significant others. This fear can drive their behaviors, including efforts to prevent real or imagined abandonment.
D. Elevated body temperature: Elevated body temperature is not a characteristic manifestation of borderline personality disorder. Instead, it may be associated with medical conditions such as infections or inflammatory processes.
E. Increased heart: While emotional distress and anxiety are common in individuals with borderline personality disorder, "increased heart" is not a specific manifestation of the disorder. Anxiety and emotional distress can lead to physiological responses such as increased heart rate, but this is a general response rather than a defining characteristic of BPD.

The client likely suffered from intoxication as evidenced by hypokinesia.

Intoxication from substances such as opioids can lead to a range of symptoms including sedation and altered mental status. In this case, the presence of a needle in the antecubital space and the administration of naloxone suggest opioid use.

Hypokinesia, characterized by reduced movement, aligns with the symptoms observed in opioid intoxication, such as decreased responsiveness and drowsiness. The historical pattern of sedation, miosis (constricted pupils), and mood alteration further supports the diagnosis of intoxication as the underlying condition.