A nurse is caring for a client who has a bacterial infection and is receiving gentamicin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to minimize the risk of an adverse eﬀect of the medication?

Administer the medicine with food.

Monitor the serum medication levels.

Limit the client’s ﬂuid intake.

Instruct the client to report agitation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

The correct answer is choice b. Monitor the serum medication levels.

Choice A rationale:

Administering gentamicin with food is not necessary and does not minimize the risk of adverse effects. Gentamicin is typically given intravenously or intramuscularly, and food does not impact its administration or absorption.

Choice B rationale:

Monitoring the serum medication levels is crucial when administering gentamicin. Gentamicin has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is small. Regular monitoring helps ensure the drug remains within the safe and effective range, reducing the risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.

Choice C rationale:

Limiting the client’s fluid intake is not recommended. Adequate hydration is important to help prevent nephrotoxicity, a known adverse effect of gentamicin. Ensuring the client has sufficient fluid intake can help protect kidney function.

Choice D rationale:

Instructing the client to report agitation is not directly related to minimizing the risk of adverse effects of gentamicin. While it is important for clients to report any unusual symptoms, agitation is not a common adverse effect of gentamicin. Monitoring for signs of nephrotoxicity (e.g., decreased urine output) and ototoxicity (e.g., hearing loss, tinnitus) is more relevant.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is choice b. Constipation.

Choice A rationale:

While headaches can occur with some medications, they are not a common adverse effect of diphenhydramine. Diphenhydramine's typical side effects are more related to its anticholinergic properties.

Choice B rationale:

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine with anticholinergic effects, which can lead to dry mouth, urinary retention, and constipation as common adverse effects.

Choice C rationale:

Diphenhydramine typically does not cause bradycardia. In some cases, it may cause tachycardia (increased heart rate) rather than a slower heart rate.

Choice D rationale:

Hypertension is not typically associated with diphenhydramine. In fact, it can sometimes cause hypotension (low blood pressure) rather than high blood pressure.

A. Administer the crushed medication through the NG tube. B. Dissolve the medication in water and give it through the NG tube. C. Administer the medication under the client’s tongue. D. Request a prescription for an oral formulation of the medication.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choicec. Administer the medication under the client’s tongue.

Choice A rationale:

Administering the crushed medication through the NG tube is inappropriate because sublingual medications are designed to be absorbed through the tissues under the tongue, not the gastrointestinal tract. Crushing and administering it through the NG tube would alter its intended absorption and effectiveness.

Choice B rationale:

Dissolving the medication in water and giving it through the NG tube is also incorrect for the same reasons as Choice A. Sublingual medications are specifically formulated to be absorbed through the mucous membranes under the tongue, and changing the route of administration can affect the drug’s efficacy.

Choice C rationale:

Administering the medication under the client’s tongue is the correct action. Sublingual medications are designed to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the tissues under the tongue, bypassing the digestive system and providing rapid onset of action.

Choice D rationale:

While some medications can be safely switched to oral formulations for NG tube administration, such a change is only necessary when the prescribed route (in this case, sublingual) cannot be used. Without contraindications (e.g., inability to hold the medication under the tongue or mucosal issues), the original sublingual route should be followed.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a bacterial infection and is receiving gentamicin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to minimize the risk of an adverse eﬀect of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client about taking diphenhydramine. The nurse should explain to the client that which of the following is an adverse eﬀect of this medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A provider prescribes a sublingual medication for a client who has an NG tube in place. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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