A nurse is caring for a client who has a bacterial infection and is receiving gentamicin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to minimize the risk of an adverse eﬀect of the medication?

Administer the medicine with food.

Monitor the serum medication levels.

Limit the client’s ﬂuid intake.

Instruct the client to report agitation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

The correct answer is choice b. Monitor the serum medication levels.

Choice A rationale:

Administering gentamicin with food is not necessary and does not minimize the risk of adverse effects. Gentamicin is typically given intravenously or intramuscularly, and food does not impact its administration or absorption.

Choice B rationale:

Monitoring the serum medication levels is crucial when administering gentamicin. Gentamicin has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is small. Regular monitoring helps ensure the drug remains within the safe and effective range, reducing the risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.

Choice C rationale:

Limiting the client’s fluid intake is not recommended. Adequate hydration is important to help prevent nephrotoxicity, a known adverse effect of gentamicin. Ensuring the client has sufficient fluid intake can help protect kidney function.

Choice D rationale:

Instructing the client to report agitation is not directly related to minimizing the risk of adverse effects of gentamicin. While it is important for clients to report any unusual symptoms, agitation is not a common adverse effect of gentamicin. Monitoring for signs of nephrotoxicity (e.g., decreased urine output) and ototoxicity (e.g., hearing loss, tinnitus) is more relevant.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

According to UpToDate, cross-reactivity between penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics such as cephalosporins can occur in some cases. Amoxicillin is a type of penicillin, so the nurse should verify this prescription with the provider to ensure that it is safe for the client to take.

A. Crushing the medication would release all the medication at once, rather than over time. B. Crushing the medication is a good idea and I can mix it in some soft cream for you. C. Crushing the medication might cause you to have stomach-ache or indigestion. D. Crushing is unsafe as it destroys the ingredients in the medication.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Enteric-coated aspirin is designed to release slowly over time to protect the stomach lining from irritation. Crushing the medication would defeat this purpose and could cause stomach irritation or other side eﬀects.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a bacterial infection and is receiving gentamicin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to minimize the risk of an adverse eﬀect of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Explanation

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