A nurse is caring for a client who had an anaphylactic reaction after a blood transfusion. The nurse reviews the literature to further understand antibody-mediated immunity (AMI). Which of the following information should the nurse confirm about AMI?

AMI is mediated by antibodies produced by B-lymphocytes.

AMI defends only against viral infections.

Humoral immune response is mediated by T-lymphocytes.

AMI involves phagocytic natural killer cells.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Antibody-mediated immunity (AMI) is primarily the result of antibodies produced by B-lymphocytes in response to antigens. This immune response is essential for protecting the body against pathogens and is particularly important in transfusion reactions.

B. While AMI is crucial in defending against various infections, it is not limited to viral infections; it also plays a significant role in protecting against bacterial infections and other types of pathogens.

C. The humoral immune response is mediated by B-lymphocytes, while T-lymphocytes are primarily involved in cell-mediated immunity, which targets infected cells and regulates immune responses.

D. Phagocytic cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, are involved in the innate immune response, not directly in antibody-mediated immunity. Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the innate immune system and target virus-infected cells and tumors, but they do not mediate AMI.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Placing a pillow under the affected limb helps elevate the extremity, which can reduce swelling and promote circulation, enhancing recovery.

B. Applying cool compresses every 6 hours is not typically recommended postoperatively, as frequent, direct cooling could impede blood flow to the surgical area.

C. Promoting bed rest for 5-7 days is not advised; early mobility is encouraged to prevent complications such as deep vein thrombosis and improve joint function.

D. Encouraging increased fluid intake is important for general recovery, but it does not specifically address postoperative care for a knee replacement.

A. Check the client for a fecal impaction. B. Examine the client for areas of skin breakdown. C. Place the client in a sitting position. D. Check the client's bladder for distention.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Checking for fecal impaction can help relieve the cause of autonomic dysreflexia but should be done after positioning the client.

B. Skin breakdown can trigger autonomic dysreflexia, but the immediate priority is to lower blood pressure by sitting the client up.

C. Placing the client in a sitting position helps lower blood pressure, which is the immediate concern in autonomic dysreflexia.

D. Checking for bladder distention is essential to find the trigger, but positioning comes first to manage the acute blood pressure elevation.

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A nurse is caring for a client who had an anaphylactic reaction after a blood transfusion. The nurse reviews the literature to further understand antibody-mediated immunity (AMI). Which of the following information should the nurse confirm about AMI?

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