A nurse is caring for a client who has paraplegia following an automobile accident. The client is on an intermittent urinary catheterization program. Which of the following findings indicates the need for catheterization?

Urge incontinence

Weight gain

Rectal distention

Dribbling of urine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Urge incontinence may occur but is not necessarily an indicator for immediate catheterization in a paraplegic patient, as they may lack bladder control.

B. Weight gain is unrelated to the need for catheterization and may indicate other issues like fluid retention.

C. Rectal distention relates to bowel function, not bladder function, and does not indicate the need for catheterization.

D. Dribbling of urine can suggest bladder overfilling and is an indication that the bladder needs emptying through catheterization to prevent urinary retention complications.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypoxemia is an early sign of fat embolism syndrome due to the presence of fat globules in the pulmonary circulation.

B. Headache can be associated with hypoxemia but is not as specific or immediate as hypoxemia itself.

C. Petechiae, while a classic sign, usually appear later in the progression of fat embolism syndrome.

D. Precordial chest pain may occur but is not typically the first sign; hypoxemia is usually noted first.

A. Increased hemoglobin B. Absence of ketones in urine C. Increased band neutrophils D. Negative leukocyte esterase in urine E. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Correct Answer is ["C","E"]

Explanation

A. An increase in hemoglobin does not indicate infection; it may indicate dehydration or improved oxygenation.

B. The absence of ketones in urine is not related to infection status.

C. An increase in band neutrophils, known as a "left shift," is a sign of infection as the body releases immature neutrophils in response to infection.

D. A negative leukocyte esterase in urine indicates no presence of white blood cells in the urine, suggesting no urinary infection.

E. An elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a nonspecific marker of inflammation and can indicate infection or other inflammatory processes.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has paraplegia following an automobile accident. The client is on an intermittent urinary catheterization program. Which of the following findings indicates the need for catheterization?

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