A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with severe manifestations of schizophrenia and is prescribed haloperidol (Haldol) PRN for agitation. The nurse should recognize which of the following as adverse effects of haloperidol (Haldol)?

Choice A Reason:
Laughing inappropriately, such as when watching a sad movie, can be a symptom of schizophrenia, but it is not specific to the catatonic subtype. Inappropriate affect may occur in schizophrenia but does not solely characterize catatonic behavior.

Choice B Reason:
Catatonic schizophrenia is marked by periods of immobility or stupor. A client who maintains an immobilized state for several hours is displaying a classic sign of catatonia. During these periods, the client may be mute, rigid, and resistant to movement, which are key features of this condition.

Choice C Reason:
Refusing to eat certain types of food is not specifically indicative of catatonic schizophrenia. While individuals with schizophrenia may have unusual preferences or fears related to food, this behavior could be related to a variety of factors and is not a definitive sign of catatonia.

Choice D Reason:
Using a rhyming form of speech, known as clang associations, can be seen in schizophrenia but is more characteristic of disorganized thinking associated with the disorder rather than catatonia. Catatonia involves motoric symptoms rather than speech patterns.

Choice A Reason:
Assessing the client's readiness for therapy is a crucial role of the nurse in CBT. It involves determining whether the client is willing and able to participate in therapy, understands the CBT process, and is motivated to engage in the cognitive and behavioral changes that CBT requires. This assessment helps ensure that the therapy is client-centered and tailored to the individual's specific needs and readiness level.

Choice B Reason:
While involving the client's family can be beneficial in therapy, implementing therapeutic techniques that involve only the client's family does not align with the primary goals of CBT. CBT focuses on the individual's patterns of thinking and behavior, and while family support can be part of the process, the nurse's role is not limited to family involvement alone.

Choice C Reason:
Educating the client to identify and challenge negative thoughts is a fundamental aspect of CBT. The nurse helps the client recognize their automatic negative thoughts, understand the impact these thoughts have on their emotions and behavior, and learn to challenge and reframe these thoughts in a more positive and realistic way.

Choice D Reason:
Evaluating to determine the effectiveness of the actions is part of the nurse's role in CBT. This involves monitoring the client's progress, assessing the outcomes of the interventions, and making necessary adjustments to the treatment plan. Evaluation is an ongoing process that ensures the therapy is effective and meets the client's needs.

Choice E Reason:
Collaborating with the client to set achievable goals is essential in CBT. The nurse works with the client to establish clear, measurable, and attainable goals that guide the therapy process. These goals provide direction and motivation, and they help the client focus on making specific changes that will improve their mental health.