A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with a mental illness. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates the ethical concept of autonomy?
Supporting the client's wish to refuse prescribed medications.
Making sure the client understands expectations for client participation.
Explaining unit rules and policies regarding unacceptable behaviors.
Encouraging client feedback about satisfaction with the facility experience.
Calmly speaking the client's name out of the car window may seem like a non-threatening action, but it involves direct engagement with the client while he is holding a weapon. This could put the nurse at risk if the client reacts unpredictably or feels threatened.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason:
Supporting the client's wish to refuse prescribed medications is a direct demonstration of respecting the client's autonomy. Autonomy in nursing is the right to self-determination, where patients are provided with adequate information to make their own decisions based on their beliefs and values. By supporting the client's decision, the nurse acknowledges the client's capacity to make informed choices about their own health care, even if the choice is different from what the medical team suggests.
Choice B Reason:
Ensuring that the client understands expectations for participation is more about informed consent and education rather than autonomy. While it is related to autonomy, it does not directly demonstrate the ethical concept since it does not involve a decision made by the client.
Choice C Reason:
Explaining unit rules and policies about unacceptable behaviors is part of the education process and setting boundaries within the healthcare environment. This action is necessary for all clients but does not specifically address the client's autonomy in making personal health decisions.
Choice D Reason:
Encouraging client feedback about satisfaction with the facility experience is a way to involve clients in the evaluation process of the facility's services. While this can be seen as respecting the client's opinions, it is not a direct action of supporting the client's autonomous decisions regarding their treatment plan
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Directly telling a client that their delusions are not real is not typically recommended. This approach can be confrontational and may lead to increased anxiety or agitation in the client. It's important to maintain a therapeutic relationship by validating the client's feelings and working within their current reality, rather than directly challenging their perceptions.
Choice B Reason:
Using frequent touch to provide support may not be appropriate for all clients, especially those with schizophrenia who may have altered perceptions of reality. Some individuals may find touch comforting, while others may perceive it as threatening or invasive. It's crucial to assess each client's comfort level with physical contact and proceed accordingly.
Choice C Reason:
Placing a client in seclusion can be a traumatic experience and is generally considered a last resort when other interventions have failed and the client is a danger to themselves or others. Seclusion should not be used solely because a client is experiencing visual hallucinations.
Choice D Reason:
Limiting the number of questions during assessments can help reduce the potential for overwhelming the client. Clients with schizophrenia may have difficulty processing too much information at once, and a barrage of questions can be stressful. Simplifying communication and allowing the client to focus on one question at a time can be more effective.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Conversion is a defense mechanism where emotional distress is expressed through physical symptoms. This does not apply to the student's behavior, which is verbally directed towards the teacher and the course rather than manifesting as physical symptoms.
Choice B reason:
Regression involves reverting to behaviors typical of an earlier developmental stage when faced with stress. The student's behavior does not indicate a regression to childlike behaviors but rather an outward projection of feelings onto the teacher and course.
Choice C reason:
Projection is a defense mechanism where an individual attributes their own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or motives to another person. In this case, the student is projecting their feelings of failure and frustration onto the teacher and course, blaming them for the negative outcome.
Choice D reason:
Undoing is a defense mechanism where a person tries to 'undo' an unhealthy, destructive, or otherwise threatening thought or action by engaging in contrary behavior. The student's action of berating does not attempt to undo the failure but instead shifts responsibility away from themselves.
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