The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following should the nurse identify as findings consistent with schizophrenia? (Select all that apply.)
Schizophrenia can be cured with antidepressants.
Schizophrenia typically first presents in adolescence or early adulthood.
Antipsychotic medications can be used to manage symptoms of hallucinations and delusions.
Some clients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of substance abuse disorders.
Schizophrenia affects thoughts and perceptions.
Correct Answer : B,C,D,E
Choice A Reason:
Schizophrenia cannot be cured with antidepressants. Antidepressants may be used to treat comorbid depression in individuals with schizophrenia, but they do not address the core symptoms of schizophrenia itself. Schizophrenia is a chronic condition that typically requires lifelong treatment with antipsychotic medications to manage symptoms.
Choice B Reason:
Schizophrenia typically first presents in adolescence or early adulthood. This is the period when symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking often first become apparent. The onset of schizophrenia during this developmental stage can significantly impact an individual's social and vocational abilities.
Choice C Reason:
Antipsychotic medications are the cornerstone of schizophrenia treatment. They can be used to manage symptoms of hallucinations and delusions, which are known as positive symptoms of schizophrenia. These medications work by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine.
Choice D Reason:
Individuals with schizophrenia have a higher risk of substance abuse disorders. Substance use can exacerbate symptoms of schizophrenia and complicate the course of the illness. It is important for treatment plans to address any co-occurring substance use disorders.
Choice E Reason:
Schizophrenia significantly affects thoughts and perceptions. It can cause distorted thinking patterns, false beliefs, and sensory experiences that others do not share. These symptoms can be distressing and may lead to difficulties in distinguishing reality.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
This statement reflects an attempt to de-escalate a potential conflict by taking responsibility for an action that may have caused distress. However, it does not directly invite dialogue or understanding between family members. Effective communication in family therapy aims to foster open and empathetic dialogue, where members feel heard and understood.
Choice B Reason:
Asking for clarification on emotions connected to specific events is a hallmark of effective communication. This statement opens the door for the family member to share their feelings and for others to understand the perspective behind the emotions. It encourages a non-confrontational exchange of thoughts and feelings, which is essential in family therapy to promote healing and understanding.
Choice C Reason:
This statement is an example of a threat, which can lead to increased tension and conflict within the family. It is counterproductive to the goals of family therapy, which include improving communication and resolving conflicts in a constructive manner. Effective communication should be free of coercion and intimidation.
Choice D Reason:
While this statement may reflect a feeling or concern within the family dynamic, it is framed as an accusation rather than an invitation to discuss the behavior or its impact. Effective communication involves expressing one's own feelings and needs without making judgments about others' actions.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
This statement may come across as dismissive of the potential benefits of medication, which can be an important part of treatment for some individuals. It's essential to consider and respect each client's unique treatment needs, including medication.
Choice B reason:
Pointing out physical manifestations of stress in a confrontational way may make the client feel self-conscious or defensive. It's important to address such observations with sensitivity and in the context of exploring feelings.
Choice C reason:
Inviting the client to discuss their concerns about returning to work opens up a dialogue about their fears and challenges. It's a supportive approach that encourages expression and exploration of feelings.
Choice D reason:
While resolving conflicts is important, this directive statement may feel overwhelming to a client who is already dealing with a new cancer diagnosis. It's better to offer support and guidance in navigating interpersonal issues.
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