A nurse is caring for a child who has Hirschsprung's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Initiate bed rest.
Prepare the family for surgery.
Place an NG tube for decompression.
Encourage a high-fiber, low-protein, low-calorie diet.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Bed rest is not a specific treatment for Hirschsprung's disease. While rest may be part of preoperative care, it does not address the underlying issue of the disease⁹.
Choice B reason: Surgery is the definitive treatment for Hirschsprung's disease. The pull-through procedure is commonly used to remove the affected section of the colon and connect the healthy part to the anus⁷.
Choice C reason: An NG tube may be used for decompression if there is a bowel obstruction, but it is not a treatment for Hirschsprung's disease itself. Surgery is required to correct the absence of nerve cells in the colon⁹.
Choice D reason: A high-fiber diet is not recommended before surgery as it may increase the risk of enterocolitis and bowel obstruction in patients with Hirschsprung's disease⁹.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and the presence of PCP are indicative of AIDS, not the chronic asymptomatic phase of HIV.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and an opportunistic infection such as PCP meet the CDC criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.
Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL is below the normal range and is one of the criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.
Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because the acute HIV infection phase is characterized by a high viral load and a decrease in CD4+ T-cell count, but not necessarily below 200 cells/µL or the presence of opportunistic infections.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hyperactivity is not typically associated with chronic renal failure in children. Instead, children may experience fatigue and lethargy due to anemia and the overall decreased function of the kidneys.
Choice B reason: Weight gain can occur in chronic renal failure due to fluid retention; however, it is not as characteristic as delayed growth, which is a direct result of the disease's impact on the child's development.
Choice C reason: Delayed growth is a common finding in children with chronic renal failure due to various factors, including metabolic imbalances, bone disorders, and malnutrition, all of which can impede normal growth.
Choice D reason: A flushed face is not a typical finding in chronic renal failure. More common are signs related to fluid overload, such as swelling around the eyes, feet, and ankles, and symptoms of uremia like pallor.
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