A nurse is caring for a male infant who has epispadias. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Inability to retract foreskin
Urethral opening on the dorsal side of the penis
Widened pubic symphysis
Bladder exstrophy
Correct Answer : B,C,D
Choice A reason: The inability to retract foreskin is not typically associated with epispadias. This condition is characterized by the urethral opening being on the dorsal side of the penis.
Choice B reason: In epispadias, the urethral opening is located on the dorsal side of the penis, which is a key characteristic of this condition.
Choice C reason: A widened pubic symphysis is often seen in epispadias due to the associated pelvic bone structure abnormalities.
Choice D reason: Bladder exstrophy is commonly associated with epispadias and involves the bladder being exposed outside the abdomen.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that is used as a quick-relief medication to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
Choice B reason: Prednisone is a corticosteroid used for long-term control, not for immediate relief before exercise.
Choice C reason: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term control and prevention, not typically for immediate pre-exercise use.
Choice D reason: Fluticasone/salmeterol is a combination of a corticosteroid and a long-acting beta-2 agonist, used for long-term control, not for quick relief before exercise.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A sweat chloride content of 85 mEq/L is indicative of cystic fibrosis, as normal values are below 30 mEq/L, and values above 60 mEq/L are diagnostic for cystic fibrosis.
Choice B reason: Hard, packed stools could be a sign of cystic fibrosis but are not as diagnostic as a sweat chloride test.
Choice C reason: Increased blood levels of fat-soluble vitamins are not typically associated with cystic fibrosis; patients often have deficiencies due to malabsorption.
Choice D reason: A chest x-ray negative for atelectasis does not indicate cystic fibrosis, as atelectasis can be present in many conditions.
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