A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child who has severe dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Blood pressure 94/68 mm Hg
Urinary output 30 mL/hr
Respiratory rate 24/min
Heart rate 152/min
The Correct Answer is D
A. A blood pressure of 94/68 mm Hg is within the normal range for a 7-year-old child and may indicate compensated dehydration rather than severe dehydration.
B. A urinary output of 30 mL/hr is insufficient and may indicate dehydration, but it does not specifically indicate severe dehydration.
C. A respiratory rate of 24/min is within the normal range for a 7-year-old child and is not specifically indicative of severe dehydration.
D. Tachycardia (heart rate >100 beats per minute) is a common finding in severe dehydration as the body attempts to compensate for decreased blood volume by increasing heart rate.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Encourage the client to ambulate in the hallway 1 hr before bedtime - While light exercise during the day can promote better sleep, exercising close to bedtime can actually disrupt sleep.
B. Tell the client to avoid drinking fluids 1 hr before bedtime - While limiting fluids close to bedtime can reduce nighttime awakenings to urinate, it may not directly address difficulty falling asleep.
C. Schedule routine care tasks during hours when the client is awake - This action ensures that the client can maximize restful sleep during the night by minimizing disruptions from care
activities.
D. Advise the client to leave the television in the room on when trying to fall asleep - Screen
time before bed can interfere with falling asleep due to the stimulating effect of light and content.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale for A: Decreased reflexes can indicate hypokalemia, an adverse effect of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics increase the excretion of potassium, which can lead to low potassium levels, manifesting as muscle weakness and diminished reflexes.
Rationale for B: Weight gain, especially in the context of heart failure, suggests fluid retention rather than an adverse effect of a loop diuretic, which is expected to reduce fluid retention by promoting diuresis.
Rationale for C: Increased urinary output is an expected effect of loop diuretics, as they are used to remove excess fluid. This would not be considered an adverse effect unless it leads to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.
Rationale for D: Jugular vein distention indicates fluid overload, which would suggest that the diuretic is not effective or that the heart failure is worsening. It is not a direct adverse effect of the medication itself.
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