A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child who has severe dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A. Hypotension occurs because hypermagnesemia causes vasodilation, which lowers blood pressure. Magnesium acts as a smooth muscle relaxant, decreasing vascular resistance and contributing to hypotension. This is a common clinical finding when magnesium levels exceed the normal range.

B. Tachycardia is not expected with hypermagnesemia. Elevated magnesium levels depress the heart's electrical activity, leading to bradycardia (slow heart rate) instead of tachycardia.

C. Muscle cramps are typically associated with hypomagnesemia, which increases neuromuscular excitability. In hypermagnesemia, neuromuscular function is suppressed, leading to muscle weakness rather than cramps.

D. Hyperreflexia is a symptom of hypomagnesemia, not hypermagnesemia. In hypermagnesemia, neuromuscular activity is depressed, resulting in diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes

A. Restricting dietary calcium intake is not typically recommended for preventing nephrolithiasis; in fact, adequate calcium intake may decrease the risk of kidney stone formation.

B. Limiting fluid intake is not recommended for individuals with nephrolithiasis; adequate fluid intake helps prevent kidney stone formation.

C. Complex carbohydrates do not significantly impact the risk of nephrolithiasis; dietary changes should focus on other factors such as oxalate intake.

D. Foods high in oxalates, such as spinach, beets, nuts, and chocolate, can contribute to the formation of kidney stones in susceptible individuals, so it's important to avoid them.