A nurse is assisting to collect data for a gestational age assessment on a newborn. Which of the following should the nurse check during a neuromuscular assessment? (Select all that apply.)

Heel to ear

Popliteal angle

Moro reflex

Scarf sign

Arm recoil

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

Choice A reason:

Heel to ear is a test that measures the flexibility of the newborn's hip and knee joints. The nurse should gently flex the newborn's hip and knee and bring the foot toward the ear on the same side. The closer the foot is to the ear, the higher the score. This test is part of the neuromuscular assessment for gestational age.

Choice B reason:

Popliteal angle is a test that measures the angle of flexion at the knee joint. The nurse should flex the newborn's hip and knee at 90 degrees and then extend the lower leg until resistance is felt. The smaller the angle, the higher the score. This test is also part of the neuromuscular assessment for gestational age.

Choice C reason:

Moro reflex is a test that evaluates the newborn's startle response. The nurse should hold the newborn in a semi-sitting position and then allow the head to fall back slightly. The newborn should extend and abduct the arms and legs, then flex and adduct them. This test is not part of the neuromuscular assessment for gestational age, but rather a reflex assessment for neurological function. •

Choice D reason:

Scarf sign is a test that measures the flexibility of the newborn's shoulder and elbow joints. The nurse should draw one of the newborn's arms across the chest toward the opposite shoulder. The farther the elbow can be moved across the body, the lower the score. This test is part of the neuromuscular assessment for gestational age.

Choice E reason:

Arm recoil is a test that measures the degree of flexion at the elbow joint. The nurse should extend both of the newborn's arms for 5 seconds and then release them. The arms should return to a flexed position quickly and fully. The faster and more complete the recoil, the higher the score. This test is part of the neuromuscular assessment for gestational age.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Holding the newborn vertically, allowing one foot to touch the crib surface, will elicit the stepping reflex, not the Moro reflex. The stepping reflex is when the newborn makes stepping movements when held upright with one foot touching a flat surface.

Choice B reason:

Turning the newborn's head quickly to one side will elicit the tonic neck reflex, not the Moro reflex. The tonic neck reflex is when the newborn assumes a "fencing”. position, with the arm and leg extended on the side to which the head is turned and the opposite arm and leg flexed.

Choice C reason:

Performing a sharp hand clap near the infant will elicit the Moro reflex, also known as the startle reflex. The Moro reflex is when the newborn responds to a sudden loss of support or a loud noise by extending and abducting the arms, spreading the fingers, and then bringing the arms together and crying.

Choice D reason:

Placing a finger at the base of the newborn's toes will elicit the Babinski reflex, not the Moro reflex. The Babinski reflex is when the newborn fans out the toes and dorsiflexes the big toe when the sole of the foot is stroked.

A. Temperature B. Respiratory findings C. Serum glucose D. Hematocrit E. White blood cell count F. Hemoglobin G. Heart rate

Correct Answer is ["B","F","G"]

Explanation

Choice A:

Temperature. The newborn's temperature is within the normal range of 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F) for axillary measurement. Therefore, this finding does not need to be reported to the provider.

Choice B:

Respiratory findings. The newborn's respiratory rate is above the normal range of 30 to 60 breaths per minute. The newborn also has a low oxygen saturation of 96%, which indicates possible respiratory distress. Therefore, this finding should be reported to the provider.

Choice C:

Serum glucose. The question does not provide any information about the newborn's serum glucose level, so this choice is irrelevant and does not need to be reported to the provider.

Choice D:

Hematocrit. The question does not provide any information about the newborn's hematocrit level, so this choice is irrelevant and does not need to be reported to the provider.

Choice E:

White blood cell count. The question does not provide any information about the newborn's white blood cell count, so this choice is irrelevant and does not need to be reported to the provider.

Choice F:

Hemoglobin. The question does not provide any information about the newborn's hemoglobin level, but it is known that newborns have higher hemoglobin levels than adults due to fetal hemoglobin. A high hemoglobin level can increase the risk of polycythemia, which can cause hyperviscosity, hypoxia, and hyperbilirubinemia. Therefore, this finding should be reported to the provider.

Choice G:

Heart rate. The newborn's heart rate is above the normal range of 110 to 160 beats per minute. A high heart rate can indicate tachycardia, which can be caused by various factors such as fever, dehydration, anemia, infection, or congenital heart defects. Therefore, this finding should be reported to the provider.

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A nurse is assisting to collect data for a gestational age assessment on a newborn. Which of the following should the nurse check during a neuromuscular assessment? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

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