A nurse is collecting data from a newborn who has respiratory distress syndrome and is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which of the following risk factors predisposes the newborn to respiratory difficulties?

Small for gestational age.

Maternal history of asthma.

Ventricular septal defect.

Cesarean birth.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

Small for gestational age (SGA) newborns are at risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and respiratory acidosis because they have immature lungs that produce less surfactant, which is needed to keep the alveoli open and prevent atelectasis. SGA newborns also have less glycogen stores, which can lead to hypoglycemia and impaired oxygen delivery to the tissues.

Choice B reason:

Maternal history of asthma is not a risk factor for RDS or respiratory acidosis in the newborn. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that affects the mother, not the fetus. Maternal asthma can cause complications such as preterm labor, preeclampsia, or intrauterine growth restriction, but it does not directly affect the fetal lung development or function.

Choice C reason:

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect that causes a hole in the wall between the ventricles of the heart. This can result in increased pulmonary blood flow and pressure, which can lead to pulmonary edema and heart failure in the newborn. However, VSD does not cause RDS or respiratory acidosis, which are related to lung maturity and surfactant production.

Choice D reason:

Cesarean birth is not a risk factor for RDS or respiratory acidosis in the newborn. Cesarean birth can increase the risk of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), which is caused by delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid. TTN usually resolves within 24 to 48 hours and does not cause a significant acid-base imbalance in the newborn.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This statement does not indicate inhibition of parental attachment. The client may have prior experience or knowledge of bathing a newborn and may not need the demonstration. The nurse should respect the client's autonomy and confidence in this skill.

Choice B reason:

This statement does not indicate inhibition of parental attachment. The client may be exhausted from the labor and delivery process and may need some rest to recover. The nurse should support the client's request and ensure that the newborn is well cared for in the nursery.

Choice C reason:

This statement indicates inhibition of parental attachment. The client expresses dissatisfaction with the newborn's appearance and implies that the newborn is not attractive enough. The nurse should explore the client's feelings and expectations about the newborn and provide reassurance and education about normal variations in newborn features.

Choice D reason:

This statement does not indicate inhibition of parental attachment. The client recognizes a family resemblance in the newborn and expresses a positive connection with the newborn and the partner. The nurse should acknowledge the client's observation and encourage further bonding with the newborn.

A. "My baby might be in the NICU for 2 weeks.". B. "This breathing problem might have happened because I had a cesarean birth.". C. "I cannot breastfeed my baby while he is breathing so fast.". D. "My baby will probably go home on oxygen therapy.".

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

This is incorrect because TTN usually resolves within 24 to 72 hours of birth and does not require a long stay in the NICU.

Choice B reason:

This is correct because TTN is more common in babies born by cesarean section without labor, as they do not have the hormonal changes that help clear the fetal lung fluid.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because breastfeeding is not contraindicated in babies with TTN, unless they have severe respiratory distress or need continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because TTN does not cause chronic lung disease or require oxygen therapy at home. Most babies with TTN only need supplemental oxygen for a few days until their breathing improves.

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A nurse is collecting data from a newborn who has respiratory distress syndrome and is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which of the following risk factors predisposes the newborn to respiratory difficulties?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is postpartum. The nurse should recognize which of the following statements by the client as a possible indicator of inhibition of parental attachment?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is explaining TTN to the newborn's mother. Which statement indicates that the mother understands the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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