The newborn diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU) will require long-term follow-up to assess for the development of:

Obesity

Diabetes insipidus

Respiratory distress

Cognitive impairment

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

Obesity is not a common complication of phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder that causes increased levels of phenylalanine (an amino acid) in the body. Obesity may be related to other endocrine disorders, such as hypothyroidism or Cushing syndrome.

Choice B reason:

Diabetes insipidus is a condition that causes excessive thirst and urination due to a lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or a problem with the kidneys' response to ADH. It is not caused by PKU, which affects the metabolism of phenylalanine.

Choice C reason:

Respiratory distress is not a typical symptom of PKU, although some newborns with PKU may have a musty odor in their breath, skin, or urine due to the buildup of phenylalanine.

Respiratory distress may be caused by other conditions, such as asthma, pneumonia, or congenital heart defects.

Choice D reason:

Cognitive impairment is the most serious complication of PKU if it is not diagnosed and treated early. High levels of phenylalanine can damage the brain and cause irreversible intellectual disability, neurological problems, and behavioral issues. Early intervention with a special diet that limits phenylalanine intake can prevent or reduce cognitive impairment in children with PKU.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Small for gestational age (SGA) newborns are at risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and respiratory acidosis because they have immature lungs that produce less surfactant, which is needed to keep the alveoli open and prevent atelectasis. SGA newborns also have less glycogen stores, which can lead to hypoglycemia and impaired oxygen delivery to the tissues.

Choice B reason:

Maternal history of asthma is not a risk factor for RDS or respiratory acidosis in the newborn. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that affects the mother, not the fetus. Maternal asthma can cause complications such as preterm labor, preeclampsia, or intrauterine growth restriction, but it does not directly affect the fetal lung development or function.

Choice C reason:

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect that causes a hole in the wall between the ventricles of the heart. This can result in increased pulmonary blood flow and pressure, which can lead to pulmonary edema and heart failure in the newborn. However, VSD does not cause RDS or respiratory acidosis, which are related to lung maturity and surfactant production.

Choice D reason:

Cesarean birth is not a risk factor for RDS or respiratory acidosis in the newborn. Cesarean birth can increase the risk of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), which is caused by delayed absorption of fetal lung fluid. TTN usually resolves within 24 to 48 hours and does not cause a significant acid-base imbalance in the newborn.

A. Intermittent abdominal pain following passage of bloody mucus. B. Abdominal pain with minimal red vaginal bleeding. C. A large amount of bright red vaginal bleeding without pain. D. Severe abdominal pain with increasing fundal height.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Intermittent abdominal pain following passage of bloody mucus is not a sign of placenta previa, but rather of bloody show, which is a normal occurrence in late pregnancy as the cervix begins to dilate and efface.

Choice B reason:

Abdominal pain with minimal red vaginal bleeding is not a sign of placenta previa, but rather of abruptio placentae, which is a serious complication where the placenta detaches from the uterine wall before delivery.

Choice C reason:

A large amount of bright red vaginal bleeding without pain is a sign of placenta previa, which is a condition where the placenta covers part or all of the cervical opening. This can cause bleeding when the cervix dilates or contracts, especially in the third trimester. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.

Choice D reason:

Severe abdominal pain with increasing fundal height is not a sign of placenta previa, but rather of uterine rupture, which is a rare but life-threatening complication where the uterus tears open along the scar line from a previous cesarean delivery or other uterine surgery. This can cause severe bleeding, fetal distress, and shock.

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The newborn diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU) will require long-term follow-up to assess for the development of:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a newborn who has respiratory distress syndrome and is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which of the following risk factors predisposes the newborn to respiratory difficulties?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is at 36 weeks of gestation and has suspected placenta previa. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with the care of a newborn 1 hr after birth. Select the 5 findings that the nurse should report to the provider.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about phenylketonuria (PKU) testing with the parent of a newborn. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?

What are the risk factors for neonatal sepsis? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.).

A nurse is assisting with the care of a newborn immediately following birth. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse is collecting data from a client who gave birth 12 hours ago. The nurse notes the fundus is deviated to the right, boggy, and 2 cm above the umbilicus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

A nurse is assisting to collect data for a gestational age assessment on a newborn. Which of the following should the nurse check during a neuromuscular assessment? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a new mother about the purpose of administering vitamin K to her newborn following delivery. The nurse should explain that the purpose of administering vitamin K is to prevent which of the following complications?

Which of the following are contraindications for VBAC? (Select All that Apply.).