What is a sign that a newborn may be at risk for meconium aspiration syndrome?
Asymmetrical breathing
Born before 38 weeks gestation
Yellow-green staining on the umbilical cord
Acrocyanosis
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
Asymmetrical breathing is not a sign of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). It is a sign of diaphragmatic hernia, a condition where the abdominal organs push into the chest cavity and interfere with lung development.
Choice B reason:
Born before 38 weeks gestation is not a sign of MAS. It is a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), a condition where the lungs are not fully developed and lack surfactant, a substance that helps keep the air sacs open.
Choice C reason:
Yellow-green staining on the umbilical cord is a sign of MAS. It indicates that the baby has passed meconium into the amniotic fluid before or during birth and may have inhaled it into the lungs. Meconium is a sticky substance that becomes the baby's first poop. It can block or irritate the airways, damage lung tissue and prevent oxygen exchange.
Choice D reason:
Acrocyanosis is not a sign of MAS. It is a normal finding in newborns where the hands and feet appear bluish due to immature circulation. It usually resolves within 24 to 48 hours after birth.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Moro is a newborn reflex that occurs when the baby is startled by a loud sound or movement. The baby will cry, throw back his or her head, and then pull his or her limbs into the body. This reflex lasts until the baby is about 2 months old.
Choice B reason:
Rooting is a newborn reflex that starts when the corner of the baby's mouth is stroked or touched. The baby will turn his or her head and open his or her mouth to follow and root in the direction of the stroking. This helps the baby find the breast or bottle to start feeding. This reflex lasts about 4 months.
Choice C reason:
Gag is a newborn reflex that prevents the baby from choking on foreign objects. The baby will cough, gag or spit out anything that touches the back of the throat or the roof of the mouth. This reflex is present throughout life.
Choice D reason:
Running is not a newborn reflex. It is a voluntary movement that develops later in childhood. Choice E reason:
Babinski is a newborn reflex that occurs when the sole of the foot is stroked from heel to toe. The baby will fan out and curl up the toes and twist the foot inward. This reflex lasts until the baby is about 12 months old.
Choice F reason:
Stepping is a newborn reflex that occurs when the baby is held upright with his or her feet touching a solid surface. The baby will appear to take steps or dance. This reflex lasts about 2 months.
Choice G reason:
The crawling reflex is a developmental milestone observed in infants around 6-8 months of age. It involves the baby moving on their hands and knees, often starting with a belly-crawling motion. Unlike newborn reflexes, this skill is learned and requires muscle coordination and strength.
Choice H reason:
Standing with support is a developmental milestone typically achieved by infants around 9-12 months. In this skill, the baby pulls themselves up to a standing position while holding onto furniture or a caregiver’s hands. It is a learned behavior reflecting increased muscle strength and balance, distinct from newborn reflexes.
Choice I reason:
The pincer grasp is a fine motor skill that usually develops between 8-12 months. It involves the baby using the thumb and index finger to pick up small objects. This ability is not a reflex but a learned skill that demonstrates improved hand-eye coordination and dexterity.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Contractions every 3 to 4 min are not a definitive sign of labor, as they can also occur in false labor or Braxton Hicks contractions. These are irregular and do not cause cervical changes.
Choice B reason:
Cervical dilation is the most reliable indicator of true labor, as it shows that the uterus is contracting effectively and preparing for delivery. Cervical dilation is measured in centimeters from 0 to 10, with 10 being fully dilated.
Choice C reason:
Pain just above the navel is not a sign of labor, but rather a possible sign of an abdominal problem such as appendicitis or gallbladder disease. Labor pain usually starts in the lower back and radiates to the abdomen and thighs.
Choice D reason:
Amniotic fluid in the vaginal vault is not a conclusive sign of labor, as it can also result from a premature rupture of membranes (PROM) or a high leak of amniotic fluid. PROM occurs when the amniotic sac breaks before the onset of labor, which can increase the risk of infection and complications for the mother and the baby.
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