A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who has a suspected myocardial infarction. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer first?

Morphine

Nitroglycerin

Aspirin

Oxygen

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason : Morphine is an opioid analgesic used to relieve severe pain and can be administered to patients with myocardial infarction to alleviate chest pain and anxiety. However, it is not the first medication given as it does not address the underlying cause of the myocardial infarction, which is the formation of a blood clot in the coronary arteries.

Choice B reason : Nitroglycerin is a nitrate that helps to dilate blood vessels and improve blood flow. It can be used to relieve chest pain in myocardial infarction, but similar to morphine, it is not the initial medication of choice. The priority is to prevent further blood clotting.

Choice C reason : Administered as soon as possible to inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce clot progression.

Choice D reason : When a myocardial infarction (MI) is suspected, the priority is to address tissue hypoxia and ensure adequate oxygenation to minimize myocardial damage. Administering oxygen helps increase oxygen availability to the ischemic heart tissue, reducing further damage.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: A barrel chest is typically not associated with mitral valve stenosis. It is more commonly seen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to hyperinflation of the lungs. Mitral valve stenosis affects the heart and not the lung structure.

Choice B reason: Clubbing of the fingers is a sign that can be associated with chronic hypoxia and certain types of congenital heart disease. While it can be seen in some heart conditions, it is not a specific finding for mitral valve stenosis.

Choice C reason: A heart murmur, specifically a diastolic murmur, is a classic finding in mitral valve stenosis. As the stenotic mitral valve obstructs blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, a pressure gradient is created, which produces a murmur that can be heard upon auscultation.

Choice D reason: Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not a direct finding associated with mitral valve stenosis. Mitral valve stenosis may lead to arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation due to atrial enlargement, but bradycardia is not typically induced by this condition.

A. a: Cough B. b: Bradycardia C. c: Constipation D. d: Headache

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Cough is not commonly associated with atenolol. Atenolol is a beta-blocker used to treat hypertension and is less likely to cause respiratory side effects compared to some other classes of antihypertensive medications.

Choice B reason: Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is a well-documented adverse effect of atenolol. Atenolol works by blocking beta-1 receptors in the heart, which can reduce the heart rate. Normal heart rate ranges for infants (1 to 11 months old) are 80-160 beats per minute (BPM), and for toddlers (1-2 years old), it's 80-130 BPM. Bradycardia would be defined as a heart rate below these normal ranges. It is important for patients starting atenolol to monitor their pulse regularly and report any significant decrease in heart rate to their healthcare provider.

Choice C reason: While constipation can be a side effect of many medications, it is not a common adverse effect of atenolol. Atenolol does not typically affect the gastrointestinal system to the extent that it causes constipation.

Choice D reason: Headache is not a typical adverse effect of atenolol. While headaches can occur for a variety of reasons, they are not directly linked to the pharmacological action of atenolol on the cardiovascular system.

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A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who has a suspected myocardial infarction. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data on a patient who has mitral valve stenosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and is to start taking atenolol. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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