A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a middle-aged client about hypertension. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Set your goal body weight within 25% of your ideal body weight.
Limit alcohol consumption to two drinks a day for men and one drink a day for women when hypertensive.
Plan to lower sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg each day.
Plan to have potassium blood levels checked when taking thiazide diuretics.
None
None
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason : Setting a goal body weight within 25% of the ideal body weight can be misleading. The ideal body weight should be determined based on body mass index (BMI), considering the individual's height and weight. A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered normal.
Choice B reason : This is a general guideline for alcohol consumption, but for individuals with hypertension, it is often recommended to limit alcohol intake even further to help manage blood pressure
Choice C reason : This is a key recommendation for managing hypertension. Reducing sodium intake helps lower blood pressure and is a widely accepted guideline
Choice D reason : Monitoring potassium levels is crucial when taking thiazide diuretics because these medications can decrease potassium levels in the blood, leading to hypokalemia.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cough is not commonly associated with atenolol. Atenolol is a beta-blocker used to treat hypertension and is less likely to cause respiratory side effects compared to some other classes of antihypertensive medications.
Choice B reason: Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is a well-documented adverse effect of atenolol. Atenolol works by blocking beta-1 receptors in the heart, which can reduce the heart rate. Normal heart rate ranges for infants (1 to 11 months old) are 80-160 beats per minute (BPM), and for toddlers (1-2 years old), it's 80-130 BPM. Bradycardia would be defined as a heart rate below these normal ranges. It is important for patients starting atenolol to monitor their pulse regularly and report any significant decrease in heart rate to their healthcare provider.
Choice C reason: While constipation can be a side effect of many medications, it is not a common adverse effect of atenolol. Atenolol does not typically affect the gastrointestinal system to the extent that it causes constipation.
Choice D reason: Headache is not a typical adverse effect of atenolol. While headaches can occur for a variety of reasons, they are not directly linked to the pharmacological action of atenolol on the cardiovascular system.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason : Probiotics are beneficial for gut health and may have a role in maintaining a healthy immune system, but they are not primarily known for lowering blood pressure. While some studies suggest a potential benefit of probiotics on blood pressure, more research is needed to establish a direct effect.
Choice B reason : Garlic is well-known for its potential benefits in lowering blood pressure. It contains allicin, which is thought to help relax blood vessels and improve blood flow, thereby reducing blood pressure. Studies have shown that garlic supplements can have a significant impact on reducing blood pressure in individuals with hypertension.
Choice C reason : Ginger root is commonly used for its anti-inflammatory properties and gastrointestinal benefits. Some studies suggest that ginger may help lower blood pressure, but the evidence is not as strong as it is for garlic. Therefore, it is not the primary recommendation for hypertension management.
Choice D reason : Valerian is often used for its sedative effects and to aid sleep. There is limited evidence to suggest that valerian has any significant impact on blood pressure. It is not typically recommended as a treatment for hypertension.
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