A nurse is discussing with a client who knows someone taking metoprolol for blood pressure management. The client inquires whether metoprolol would be suitable for her as well. Based on the client's medical record, which of the following should the nurse recognize as a contraindication to metoprolol?

Recently treated bilateral pneumonia

A concurrent prescription for tadalafil

Diet-controlled diabetes mellitus Type 2

A history of sinus bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason : Recently treated bilateral pneumonia is not a contraindication to metoprolol. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used primarily for the management of hypertension and is not affected by a history of pneumonia.

Choice B reason : While tadalafil is known to interact with medications that lower blood pressure, it is not a direct contraindication to metoprolol. However, caution is advised when they are used concurrently due to the potential for additive blood pressure-lowering effects.

Choice C reason : Diabetes mellitus Type 2, especially when diet-controlled, is not a contraindication to metoprolol. Beta-blockers like metoprolol can mask hypoglycemic symptoms, so patients with diabetes should be monitored closely, but it does not preclude the use of the medication.

Choice D reason : A history of sinus bradycardia is a contraindication to metoprolol. Metoprolol can exacerbate bradycardia, leading to hemodynamic instability and is therefore contraindicated in patients with a history of significant bradycardia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason : Probiotics are beneficial for gut health and may have a role in maintaining a healthy immune system, but they are not primarily known for lowering blood pressure. While some studies suggest a potential benefit of probiotics on blood pressure, more research is needed to establish a direct effect.

Choice B reason : Garlic is well-known for its potential benefits in lowering blood pressure. It contains allicin, which is thought to help relax blood vessels and improve blood flow, thereby reducing blood pressure. Studies have shown that garlic supplements can have a significant impact on reducing blood pressure in individuals with hypertension.

Choice C reason : Ginger root is commonly used for its anti-inflammatory properties and gastrointestinal benefits. Some studies suggest that ginger may help lower blood pressure, but the evidence is not as strong as it is for garlic. Therefore, it is not the primary recommendation for hypertension management.

Choice D reason : Valerian is often used for its sedative effects and to aid sleep. There is limited evidence to suggest that valerian has any significant impact on blood pressure. It is not typically recommended as a treatment for hypertension.

A. S1 B. S2 C. S3 D. S4

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason : S1 represents the sound made by the closure of the atrioventricular valves (mitral and tricuspid valves) and is not the sound associated with the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves.

Choice B reason : S2 is the sound heard when the aortic and pulmonic valves close. It is often described as a "dub" and occurs at the end of ventricular systole.

Choice C reason : S3 is a rare extra heart sound that follows S2 and usually indicates an increase in left ventricular filling pressure, which can be found in conditions such as heart failure.

Choice D reason : S4 is another extra heart sound that occurs just before S1. It is typically associated with a stiff or hypertrophic ventricle and is not related to the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has hypertension and inquires if there is a herbal supplement that can be used to help lower blood pressure. The nurse should identify which of the following herbal supplements the client can use to help lower blood pressure :

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with teaching a newly licensed nurse about heart sounds. Which of the following sounds is heard when the aortic and pulmonic valves close?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to see in this client? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has venous insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values for a client who takes spironolactone and notes that the client's serum potassium level is 6.8 mEq/L. The nurse notifies the provider and anticipates that the provider will provide which of the following instructions?

A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who has a suspected myocardial infarction. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer first?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about warfarin with a client who has a new onset of atrial fibrillation. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The nurse should recognize that which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a middle-aged client about hypertension. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?