A 46-year-old African American man is in an outpatient clinic for a physical examination. His blood pressure (BP) is 126 mm Hg, his body mass index (BMI) is 24, and he reports no previous medical problems. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Schedule his next appointment for 1 year from now.
Provide information for a weight loss plan that includes increasing physical activity.
Provide information about how to reduce risk factors of hypertension.
Schedule an appointment for a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Scheduling the next appointment for 1 year from now is a standard practice for patients who are considered to be in good health and have no immediate medical concerns. Given the patient's normal BP and BMI, along with no reported medical problems, this would typically be an appropriate action. However, it is essential to consider the patient's age and race, as African American men are at a higher risk for certain conditions, such as prostate cancer, which may warrant more frequent monitoring.
Choice B reason: While providing information for a weight loss plan that includes increasing physical activity is generally beneficial, it may not be necessary for this patient. His BMI is 24, which falls within the normal range (18.5-24.9), indicating that he is not overweight. Therefore, unless the patient expresses a desire to lose weight or improve fitness, this action might not be a priority.
Choice C reason:Offering information on reducing risk factors for hypertension is always a positive step in preventive healthcare. However, the patient's BP is 126 mm Hg, which is considered a normal reading (normal BP range is 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg). Therefore, while education on maintaining a healthy lifestyle is valuable, it may not be the most critical action for this visit.
Choice D reason:Scheduling a PSA test is recommended for African American men starting at age 45 due to their increased risk of prostate cancer. The PSA test measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood, which can be an indicator of prostate cancer. Given the patient's demographic, this proactive screening measure is advisable, despite the absence of symptoms or previous medical problems.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["50"]
Explanation
Step 1 is to calculate the total drops (gtt) the nurse needs to administer. This is done by multiplying the volume of the solution (400 mL) by the drop factor (60 gtt/mL). So, 400 mL × 60 gtt/mL = 24000 gtt.
Step 2 is to calculate the total time in minutes over which the IV should be administered. Since there are 60 minutes in an hour, 8 hours is equivalent to 8 hours × 60 min/hour = 480 minutes.
Step 3 is to calculate the rate at which the IV should be administered. This is done by dividing the total drops by the total time. So, 24000 gtt ÷ 480 min = 50 gtt/min.
The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver approximately 50 gtt/min.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason : Assisting the client into a standing position is part of the process for checking orthostatic hypotension, but it is not the first action to take. The initial measurement should be taken while the client is supine to establish a baseline blood pressure before any position changes.
Choice B reason : Determining the client's blood pressure 1 minute after each position change is important for diagnosing orthostatic hypotension, but it follows after the initial supine measurement. This step is to observe changes in blood pressure that may indicate orthostatic hypotension.
Choice C reason : Placing the client in a sitting position is another step in the process of checking for orthostatic hypotension. However, it is not the first action. The nurse should first measure the blood pressure in the supine position, then sitting, and finally standing.
Choice D reason : This is the correct first action. Checking the client's blood pressure in a supine position provides a baseline measurement. After this, the nurse can compare the blood pressure readings after the client sits and stands to identify any significant drops that would indicate orthostatic hypotension.
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