A 46-year-old African American man is in an outpatient clinic for a physical examination. His blood pressure (BP) is 126 mm Hg, his body mass index (BMI) is 24, and he reports no previous medical problems. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Schedule his next appointment for 1 year from now.

Provide information for a weight loss plan that includes increasing physical activity.

Provide information about how to reduce risk factors of hypertension.

Schedule an appointment for a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Scheduling the next appointment for 1 year from now is a standard practice for patients who are considered to be in good health and have no immediate medical concerns. Given the patient's normal BP and BMI, along with no reported medical problems, this would typically be an appropriate action. However, it is essential to consider the patient's age and race, as African American men are at a higher risk for certain conditions, such as prostate cancer, which may warrant more frequent monitoring.

Choice B reason: While providing information for a weight loss plan that includes increasing physical activity is generally beneficial, it may not be necessary for this patient. His BMI is 24, which falls within the normal range (18.5-24.9), indicating that he is not overweight. Therefore, unless the patient expresses a desire to lose weight or improve fitness, this action might not be a priority.

Choice C reason:Offering information on reducing risk factors for hypertension is always a positive step in preventive healthcare. However, the patient's BP is 126 mm Hg, which is considered a normal reading (normal BP range is 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg). Therefore, while education on maintaining a healthy lifestyle is valuable, it may not be the most critical action for this visit.

Choice D reason:Scheduling a PSA test is recommended for African American men starting at age 45 due to their increased risk of prostate cancer. The PSA test measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood, which can be an indicator of prostate cancer. Given the patient's demographic, this proactive screening measure is advisable, despite the absence of symptoms or previous medical problems.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason : Applying ice to the extremity is not a standard intervention for DVT. Ice is typically used to reduce inflammation and pain, but in the case of DVT, the priority is to prevent the clot from growing and embolizing. The use of warmth, not cold, may be recommended to help reduce discomfort and swelling.

Choice B reason : Administering vasodilating medications is not a typical intervention for DVT. Vasodilators are used to widen blood vessels and improve blood flow, but they do not address the risk of clot formation or embolization associated with DVT. The mainstay of medical treatment for DVT is anticoagulant therapy, which helps to prevent further clotting.

Choice C reason : Restricting oral fluids is not an intervention for DVT. Adequate hydration is important in the management of DVT as it can help to prevent blood from thickening and reduce the risk of further clot formation. There is no indication to restrict fluids unless there is another underlying condition that requires it.

Choice D reason : Monitoring platelet levels is an important intervention in the care of a client with DVT, especially if they are receiving anticoagulant therapy. Anticoagulants can affect platelet function and count, and monitoring is necessary to ensure safe levels and prevent complications such as bleeding or thrombocytopenia.

A. Set your goal body weight within 25% of your ideal body weight. B. Limit alcohol consumption to two drinks a day for men and one drink a day for women when hypertensive. C. Plan to lower sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg each day. D. Plan to have potassium blood levels checked when taking thiazide diuretics.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason : Setting a goal body weight within 25% of the ideal body weight can be misleading. The ideal body weight should be determined based on body mass index (BMI), considering the individual's height and weight. A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered normal.

Choice B reason : This is a general guideline for alcohol consumption, but for individuals with hypertension, it is often recommended to limit alcohol intake even further to help manage blood pressure

Choice C reason : This is a key recommendation for managing hypertension. Reducing sodium intake helps lower blood pressure and is a widely accepted guideline

Choice D reason : Monitoring potassium levels is crucial when taking thiazide diuretics because these medications can decrease potassium levels in the blood, leading to hypokalemia.

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A 46-year-old African American man is in an outpatient clinic for a physical examination. His blood pressure (BP) is 126 mm Hg, his body mass index (BMI) is 24, and he reports no previous medical problems. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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