A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving warfarin therapy to prevent deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following medications should the nurse have available in the event of an overdose?

Choice A reason : Aspirin is well-known for its antiplatelet properties, which inhibit platelet aggregation and thus prevent the formation of new blood clots. This is particularly important following a myocardial infarction, as it helps to prevent further clotting events that could lead to additional heart attacks or strokes. Aspirin's effect on platelets is so significant that it is often one of the first medications administered in the setting of acute coronary syndrome.

Choice B reason : While aspirin does have analgesic properties, this is not the primary reason it is prescribed post-myocardial infarction. The analgesic effect of aspirin is more commonly utilized for minor pains and aches, and it is not sufficient for the pain associated with coronary artery disease.

Choice C reason : Aspirin can reduce fever, but this is not relevant to its use in coronary artery disease. Fever reduction is not a concern when prescribing aspirin for myocardial infarction patients, as the primary goal is to manage the risk of thrombosis.

Choice D reason : Aspirin does have anti-inflammatory effects, but again, this is not the primary reason for its prescription following a myocardial infarction. While inflammation plays a role in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, the anti-inflammatory properties of aspirin are not the main focus in the context of post-myocardial infarction treatment.

Choice A reason: Scheduling the next appointment for 1 year from now is a standard practice for patients who are considered to be in good health and have no immediate medical concerns. Given the patient's normal BP and BMI, along with no reported medical problems, this would typically be an appropriate action. However, it is essential to consider the patient's age and race, as African American men are at a higher risk for certain conditions, such as prostate cancer, which may warrant more frequent monitoring.

Choice B reason: While providing information for a weight loss plan that includes increasing physical activity is generally beneficial, it may not be necessary for this patient. His BMI is 24, which falls within the normal range (18.5-24.9), indicating that he is not overweight. Therefore, unless the patient expresses a desire to lose weight or improve fitness, this action might not be a priority.

Choice C reason:Offering information on reducing risk factors for hypertension is always a positive step in preventive healthcare. However, the patient's BP is 126 mm Hg, which is considered a normal reading (normal BP range is 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg). Therefore, while education on maintaining a healthy lifestyle is valuable, it may not be the most critical action for this visit.

Choice D reason:Scheduling a PSA test is recommended for African American men starting at age 45 due to their increased risk of prostate cancer. The PSA test measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood, which can be an indicator of prostate cancer. Given the patient's demographic, this proactive screening measure is advisable, despite the absence of symptoms or previous medical problems.