A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has pneumonia.

Exhibits

The nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with the client and their caregiver. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

A. The grounding pad is positioned near the client's surgical site: The grounding pad for electrosurgery should be placed on a large, well-vascularized muscle mass away from the surgical site to ensure proper dispersion of electrical current and prevent burns. Placing it near the site increases risk of injury.

B. The client is positioned to minimize pressure on the skin: Proper positioning during surgery helps prevent pressure ulcers and nerve injuries by reducing prolonged pressure on bony prominences and delicate tissues, supporting a safe and therapeutic environment.

C. The client is covered with a cooling blanket during surgery: Maintaining normothermia is critical; cooling blankets can cause hypothermia, which increases the risk of complications such as infection and coagulopathy. Warm blankets or forced-air warming devices are preferred.

D. The client's surgical site is shaved with a razor: Shaving with a razor can cause microabrasions that increase the risk of surgical site infections. Clipping hair with electric clippers is the recommended practice to reduce infection risk.

A. Decrease background noise: Reducing ambient noise helps clients with hearing loss focus better on the speaker’s voice, minimizing distractions and enhancing their ability to interpret sounds or speech through residual hearing or lip-reading.

B. Speak in a loud voice: Speaking loudly can distort speech sounds and facial expressions, making it harder for clients to understand. It’s more effective to speak clearly at a moderate pace and volume.

C. Use short phrases: While shorter phrases might seem easier to process, effective communication often depends on clear context and full sentences. Using natural language helps convey meaning more accurately.

D. Talk at a rapid rate: Rapid speech can be difficult for individuals with hearing loss to follow, especially if they rely on lip-reading. Slower, clearer speech improves understanding and facilitates better communication.