A nurse at an urgent care center is assisting with the care of a client who has hypothermia after exposure to frigid water. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Apply a heating pad to the client's neck.

Provide the client with dry clothing.

Offer the client a warm beverage.

Wrap the client in warm blankets.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Apply a heating pad to the client's neck: Direct application of heat to the skin, especially in localized areas like the neck, can cause rapid vasodilation, leading to a dangerous drop in blood pressure and potential cardiac complications. It also increases the risk of burns on cold-numbed skin.

B. Provide the client with dry clothing: Removing wet clothing and replacing it with dry garments is the first priority in managing hypothermia. Wet clothes accelerate heat loss through conduction and evaporation. Stopping further heat loss is essential before attempting active rewarming.

C. Offer the client a warm beverage: While offering warm fluids can help increase core temperature and provide comfort, it is not the first priority. This intervention is more appropriate after ensuring the client is dry and wrapped in warm coverings.

D. Wrap the client in warm blankets: Wrapping the client in warm blankets is a critical intervention for passive external rewarming. However, it comes after the initial step of removing wet clothes to prevent ongoing heat loss. Blankets are most effective once the source of heat loss has been eliminated.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Amount of time washing hands: The client increased handwashing time to 15 seconds, which meets the CDC’s recommended minimum for effective hand hygiene when preparing food.

B. Use of cutting board: The client now uses separate cutting boards for raw meats and raw vegetables, which helps prevent cross-contamination and foodborne illness.

C. Defrosting of frozen foods: Defrosting foods in the refrigerator is a safe method that prevents bacterial growth, unlike leaving food on the countertop.

D. Leftover storage time in refrigerator: Storing leftovers in the refrigerator for a maximum of 2 days (or 7 days initially) demonstrates proper food handling to prevent spoilage and bacterial growth.This aligns with recommended guidelines.

E. Refrigerator temperature: Although the temperature has improved (now 5.6°C instead of 6.7°C), the ideal refrigerator temperature should be 4°C (40°F) or lower for optimal food safety.

F. Time leftovers sit unrefrigerated on countertop: Leaving leftovers at room temperature for 2 hours still meets the maximum allowable limit, but best practice is to refrigerate within 1 hour if the room temperature is high (above 90°F/32°C), which might not reflect consistent safe food handling in all conditions.

A. An assistive personnel raises all four side rails of a client's bed before leaving the room. B. An assistive personnel places a weight-sensitive sensor mat on the mattress beneath a client's buttocks. C. A client who has bilateral wrist restraints has a capillary refill of less than 2 seconds. D. A client who has a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit reports a buzzing sensation at the application site.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. An assistive personnel raises all four side rails of a client's bed before leaving the room: Raising all four side rails can be considered a form of restraint and poses a safety risk, especially if the client attempts to climb over them. It can increase the risk of falls and injury, particularly in confused or restless clients.

B. An assistive personnel places a weight-sensitive sensor mat on the mattress beneath a client's buttocks: This is not a safety hazard; it's a fall prevention measure. These sensor mats are designed to alert staff when a client attempts to get up, helping prevent falls in at-risk individuals.

C. A client who has bilateral wrist restraints has a capillary refill of less than 2 seconds:
A capillary refill of less than 2 seconds is within normal limits and indicates that circulation to the hands is intact. This suggests that the restraints are not too tight and do not currently pose a circulatory risk to the client.

D. A client who has a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit reports a buzzing sensation at the application site: A mild buzzing or tingling sensation is an expected and normal effect of a TENS unit. It does not indicate a malfunction or a safety issue unless it becomes painful or the skin shows signs of irritation or burns.

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A nurse at an urgent care center is assisting with the care of a client who has hypothermia after exposure to frigid water. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

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