A nurse at a provider's office is collecting physical data from an older adult client. Which of the following images should the nurse identify as an example of an expected age-related change?
A
B
C
D
The Correct Answer is D
A. Close-up of eyes with yellow sclera: Could indicate jaundice or liver dysfunction, which is not an expected part of aging and requires further evaluation.
B. Older adult man with a rounded back and head tilted forward: Suggests kyphosis, which can occur with aging but is usually linked to osteoporosis or vertebral fractures, not considered an inevitable, expected change.
C. Close-up of nose with a reddish-purple spot (possible bruise): Might result from trauma, coagulopathy, or medication side effects like anticoagulants, not a routine age-related change.
D. Hands with prominent veins, thin skin, and wrinkles: Thinning skin due to decreased subcutaneous fat. Wrinkles from reduced skin elasticity. Prominent veins due to loss of skin turgor and connective tissue. These are all normal physical findings in older adults.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Increase in protein requirements: Protein needs may slightly increase with age to maintain muscle mass, but this does not directly cause weight gain. Instead, inadequate protein may contribute to muscle loss.
B. Increase in fluid requirements: Older adults typically have decreased thirst sensation, not increased fluid needs. Weight gain is not directly linked to hydration needs but more to energy balance.
C. Decrease in vitamin intake: While older adults may have reduced vitamin intake due to dietary changes, this affects micronutrient status rather than causing significant weight gain.
D. Decrease in muscle mass: Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass with aging, lowers basal metabolic rate. This decreases calorie expenditure, making it easier to gain weight even with unchanged food intake.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "My doctor will choose which medical procedures I will have." A living will allows the client to specify their own wishes regarding medical treatment, rather than leaving decisions solely to the doctor. It is a legal document that guides providers based on the client’s preferences.
B. "I can revise my living will if I change my mind." Clients have the right to update or revoke their living will at any time, reflecting changes in their preferences or health status. This flexibility is an important aspect of advance directives and indicates understanding.
C. "My family can change the decisions in my living will." The family cannot override the client’s living will unless legally appointed as a healthcare proxy. The living will represents the client’s autonomous decisions and must be honored by healthcare providers.
D. "I need an attorney to write my living will." While legal advice can be helpful, clients do not need an attorney to create a living will. Many states provide standardized forms that individuals can complete without legal assistance.
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