A nurse is assessing four female clients for obesity. Which of the following clients have manifestations of obesity?

Client who weighs 28% above ideal body weight

Client who has a waist circumference of 81.3 cm (32 in)

Client who has a BMI of 28

Client who has a body fat of 22%

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: This is the correct answer because weighing 28% above ideal body weight is a sign of obesity. Ideal body weight is an estimate of the weight that corresponds to the lowest mortality for a given height and gender. Obesity is defined as having a body weight that is 20% or more above ideal body weight.

Choice B reason: This is not the correct answer because having a waist circumference of 81.3 cm (32 in) is not a manifestation of obesity. Waist circumference is a measure of abdominal fat, which is associated with increased health risks. However, the cut-off point for waist circumference varies by gender and ethnicity. For women, a waist circumference of more than 88 cm (35 in) is considered high.

Choice C reason: This is not the correct answer because having a BMI of 28 is not a manifestation of obesity. BMI is a measure of body mass index, which is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. BMI is used to classify weight status and health risks. For adults, a BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered normal, 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, and 30 or more is considered obese.

Choice D reason: This is not the correct answer because having a body fat of 22% is not a manifestation of obesity. Body fat is a measure of the percentage of fat in the body, which is determined by various methods such as skinfold thickness, bioelectrical impedance, or underwater weighing. Body fat is influenced by age, gender, and physical activity. For women, a body fat of 21 to 33% is considered normal, 33 to 39% is considered high, and more than 39% is considered very high.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Including foods high in starch and proteins is not a specific dietary instruction for a client who has biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Starch and protein intake may vary depending on the client's overall nutritional needs and preferences.

Choice B reason: Including foods high in fiber is a general dietary recommendation for most people, but it is not directly related to biliary colic or cholecystitis. Fiber helps with bowel regularity and may lower the risk of some chronic diseases, but it does not affect the production or flow of bile.

Choice C reason: Avoiding foods high in sodium is a dietary instruction for clients who have hypertension, heart failure, or kidney disease, but it is not relevant for biliary colic or cholecystitis. Sodium intake does not influence the formation or dissolution of gallstones, which are the main cause of biliary colic.

Choice D reason: Avoiding foods high in fat is a dietary instruction for clients who have biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Fat intake stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder, which can cause pain and inflammation if there are gallstones blocking the bile ducts. Reducing fat intake can help prevent or reduce the frequency and severity of biliary colic episodes.

A. Colonoscopy B. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) C. Abdominal ultrasound D. Computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Colonoscopy is the most accurate diagnostic test for diverticulosis, which is the presence of pouches or sacs in the wall of the colon. It allows the direct visualization of the colon and the identification of any diverticula, polyps, or tumors. The nurse should prepare the client to undergo bowel preparation, sedation, and monitoring before and after the procedure.

Choice B reason: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not a diagnostic test for diverticulosis. It is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the internal organs and tissues. It is more commonly used for brain, spine, joint, or soft tissue disorders.

Choice C reason: Abdominal ultrasound is not a diagnostic test for diverticulosis. It is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses sound waves to create images of the abdominal organs and structures. It is more commonly used for liver, gallbladder, kidney, or spleen disorders.

Choice D reason: Computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast is not a diagnostic test for diverticulosis. It is an invasive imaging technique that uses x-rays and a contrast dye to create cross-sectional images of the body. It is more commonly used for detecting tumors, abscesses, or bleeding. It is also used for diagnosing diverticulitis, which is the inflammation or infection of the diverticula.

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A nurse is assessing four female clients for obesity. Which of the following clients have manifestations of obesity?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing dietary instructions for a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is suspected to have diverticulosis without symptoms of diverticulitis. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the client to undergo?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an adult client who has a fever of 39.4°C (103°F) and is receiving 0.9% sodium chloride IV at 125 mL/hr. Over the last hour, the nurse notes that the client's urine output is 20 mL. The nurse should report this finding to the provider and anticipate a prescription for what?

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