A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has experienced some loss of bone density. The nurse observes a "hunchback" curvature of the client's spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?
Ankylosis
Scoliosis
Lordosis
Kyphosis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Ankylosis refers to the fusion of bones in a joint, leading to stiffness and immobility, but it does not specifically describe a "hunchback" curvature of the spine.
B. Scoliosis involves an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, not a "hunchback" appearance.
C. Lordosis is characterized by an excessive inward curvature of the lumbar spine, not the outward curvature seen in a "hunchback."
D. Kyphosis is the condition characterized by an abnormal outward curvature of the thoracic spine, leading to a "hunchback" appearance. This is common in older adults, often associated with osteoporosis and loss of bone density.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cystitis, or a urinary tract infection (UTI), is a common cause of sudden-onset urinary incontinence in older adults. UTIs can lead to irritation of the bladder, increasing the urgency and frequency of urination, and sometimes causing incontinence.
B. Nephrosclerosis involves the hardening of the renal arteries, which can lead to chronic kidney disease, but it is not a typical cause of sudden-onset urinary incontinence.
C. Diverticulitis affects the colon and does not directly cause urinary incontinence. It is more associated with gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits.
D. Uremia is a condition resulting from severe kidney dysfunction, leading to the accumulation of waste products in the blood, but it does not directly cause sudden-onset urinary incontinence.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. At around 3 years of age, children typically descend stairs by placing both feet on each step and often hold on to the railing for support. This behavior reflects their developing gross motor skills and coordination.
B. By 6 years of age, children should be able to descend stairs more fluidly and typically do not need to place both feet on each step or hold on to the railing.
C. At 5 years, children generally have more advanced stair descending skills and can manage stairs with one foot per step without holding onto the railing.
D. At 4 years, children may still use the method described but should be showing progress toward more independent stair navigation.
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