A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has experienced some loss of bone density. The nurse observes a "hunchback" curvature of the client's spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?
Ankylosis
Scoliosis
Lordosis
Kyphosis
The Correct Answer is D
A. Ankylosis refers to the fusion of bones in a joint, leading to stiffness and immobility, but it does not specifically describe a "hunchback" curvature of the spine.
B. Scoliosis involves an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, not a "hunchback" appearance.
C. Lordosis is characterized by an excessive inward curvature of the lumbar spine, not the outward curvature seen in a "hunchback."
D. Kyphosis is the condition characterized by an abnormal outward curvature of the thoracic spine, leading to a "hunchback" appearance. This is common in older adults, often associated with osteoporosis and loss of bone density.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A,B,C,D,E
Explanation
A. Trust vs. mistrust is the first stage of Erikson's psychosocial development, occurring from birth to approximately 18 months. During this stage, infants learn to trust their caregivers to meet their needs, leading to a sense of security.
B. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt is the second stage, occurring from approximately 18 months to 3 years. In this stage, toddlers learn to assert their independence by making choices and exercising self-control. Success leads to autonomy, while failure results in feelings of shame and doubt.
C. Initiative vs. guilt is the third stage, occurring from approximately 3 to 6 years. During this stage, children begin to take initiative in their activities, planning, and decision-making. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose, while failure can result in guilt over initiative taken.
D. Industry vs. inferiority is the fourth stage, occurring from approximately 6 to 12 years. In this stage, children develop a sense of industry by mastering tasks, succeeding in school, and receiving recognition. Failure to achieve this sense of industry can lead to feelings of inferiority.
E. Identity vs. role confusion is the fifth stage, occurring during adolescence. During this stage, individuals explore their personal identity, values, and beliefs. Success in this stage leads to a strong sense of identity, while failure results in role confusion and uncertainty about one’s place in society.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A laceration on the forehead of a toddler, while needing attention, is not as urgent as symptoms suggestive of a myocardial infarction.
B. Belligerence and slurred speech in an adolescent could indicate substance use or neurological issues, but it is less immediately life-threatening than symptoms of a myocardial infarction.
C. While painful sunburn can be uncomfortable, it is not as critical as symptoms indicative of a potential heart attack.
D. Diaphoresis and epigastric pain can be symptoms of a myocardial infarction (heart attack), which is a potentially life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention.
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