A nurse is assessing a patient who reports numbness and tingling in the fingers, especially at night. The patient works as a data entry clerk. Which findings support a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome?
(Select All that Apply.)

Discoloration of the fingers

Swelling of the entire hand

Pain in the forearm without hand involvement

Positive Phalen's test

Positive Tinel's sign

Pain relief with wrist extension

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : D,E

A.   Discoloration of the fingers is not typically associated with carpal tunnel syndrome, which mainly involves nerve compression.
B.   Swelling of the entire hand is not a common finding in carpal tunnel syndrome, though localized swelling at the wrist may occur.
C.   Pain in the forearm without hand involvement is not typical of carpal tunnel syndrome, which primarily affects the wrist and hand.
D.   A positive Phalen's test is indicative of carpal tunnel syndrome, as it reproduces symptoms when the wrist is flexed.
E.   A positive Tinel's sign, which involves tapping the median nerve at the wrist to elicit symptoms, is a classic test for carpal tunnel syndrome.
F.   Pain relief with wrist extension is common in carpal tunnel syndrome, as extending the wrist relieves pressure on the median nerve.

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Correct Answer is ["C","E","F"]

Explanation

A. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is generally protective against colorectal cancer due to the high fiber content and antioxidants, reducing cancer risk.
B. Moderate alcohol consumption can increase the risk of colorectal cancer, as alcohol has been linked to inflammation and changes in gut microbiota, which may contribute to carcinogenesis.
C. A diet high in red and processed meats has been strongly associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer due to the presence of carcinogenic substances like nitrates and heterocyclic amines in processed meats.

D. A low body mass index (BMI) is actually protective against cancer in general, as obesity is a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer due to its association with increased inflammation and insulin resistance.
E. Genetic factors such as having a family history of colorectal cancer increase the risk significantly. Inherited syndromes like familial adenomatous polyposis or Lynch syndrome increase the likelihood of developing this cancer.
F. Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis increase the risk of colorectal cancer due to the prolonged inflammation and cellular damage they cause in the colon.
G. Regular physical activity has a protective effect against colorectal cancer by reducing inflammation, improving immune function, and regulating bowel movement.

A. Iron deficiency anemia B. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia C. Thalassemia minor D. Anemia of chronic disease

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Iron deficiency anemia typically presents with a low MCV, not an elevated MCV, and it is less likely to be associated with the symptoms of glossitis and peripheral neuropathy.
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is a likely diagnosis in this patient. Chronic alcohol use can lead to malabsorption of vitamin B12, which contributes to macrocytic anemia (high MCV). Symptoms like glossitis and peripheral neuropathy are common in B12 deficiency.
C. Thalassemia minor usually presents with microcytic anemia and would not typically cause the elevated MCV or neurological symptoms seen in this patient.
D. Anemia of chronic disease typically presents with a normal or low MCV and is not associated with elevated MCV or the neurological symptoms seen in this patient.

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A nurse is assessing a patient who reports numbness and tingling in the fingers, especially at night. The patient works as a data entry clerk. Which findings support a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 55-year-old patient is diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Which factors are associated with an increased risk of developing this type of cancer? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["C","E","F"]

Explanation

A 50-year-old male patient with a history of chronic alcoholism presents with fatigue, glossitis, and peripheral neuropathy. Laboratory findings show a hemoglobin level of 9.0 g/dL and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 110 fL. What type of anemia is most likely in this patient?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is assessing a patient who reports numbness and tingling in the fingers, especially at night. The patient works as a data entry clerk. Which findings support a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome?
(Select All that Apply.)