A patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is admitted to the emergency department with deep, rapid breathing, abdominal pain, and confusion. Which of the following laboratory findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Blood glucose level of 140 mg/dL with low insulin levels.
Blood glucose level of 180 mg/dL with normal ketone levels.
Blood glucose level of 250 mg/dL with normal ketone levels.
Blood glucose level of 600 mg/dL with elevated ketone levels in blood and urine.
The Correct Answer is D
A. A blood glucose level of 140 mg/dL is too low for DKA, which typically involves hyperglycemia above 250 mg/dL.
B. A blood glucose level of 180 mg/dL and normal ketone levels are inconsistent with DKA, as DKA involves both high glucose and elevated ketones.
C. A blood glucose level of 250 mg/dL with normal ketone levels would not suggest DKA. Elevated ketones are a critical part of diagnosing DKA.
D. A blood glucose level of 600 mg/dL with elevated ketone levels in blood and urine confirms DKA, a life-threatening complication of Type 1 diabetes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Increased creatinine levels may indicate kidney dysfunction, but it is not specifically related to liver metastasis.
B. Elevated serum amylase is typically associated with pancreatic conditions and not directly with liver metastasis.
C. Decreased albumin levels may occur with liver dysfunction but is not specific to liver metastasis.
D. Elevated serum bilirubin levels are a key indicator of liver dysfunction, and when seen in the context of jaundice and a history of colon cancer, they strongly suggest liver metastasis as the underlying cause.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Decreased blood pressure is not typically associated with contrast-induced nephropathy. In fact, patients may present with normal or elevated blood pressure, especially in those with a history of chronic hypertension.
B. Metabolic acidosis is a common complication of acute kidney injury (AKI), including contrast-induced nephropathy. As kidney function declines, the kidneys' ability to excrete acids diminishes, leading to the accumulation of acids in the blood and resulting in metabolic acidosis.
C. Hypocalcemia is not a common feature of contrast-induced nephropathy. While AKI can cause disturbances in calcium and phosphate balance, hypocalcemia is not typically a predominant finding.
D. Increased urine specific gravity may not be a significant finding in contrast-induced nephropathy. This condition generally leads to impaired kidney function, which may present with urine output changes, but urine specific gravity can vary depending on the stage of AKI.
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