A nurse is assessing a client with chronic liver failure who tells the nurse he is experiencing spontaneous episodes of bleeding and has noted increased areas of bruising on his arms. The nurse suspects the client has a deficiency in which of the following vitamins?

Thiamine

Vitamin C

Vitamin K

Folic acid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Thiamine deficiency is often associated with neurological symptoms, such as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, rather than spontaneous bleeding or bruising. Thiamine does not directly impact the coagulation process.
B. Vitamin C deficiency can lead to scurvy, which includes symptoms such as bleeding gums and poor wound healing. However, it is not typically associated with the spontaneous bleeding and bruising seen in chronic liver failure.
C. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors produced by the liver. In chronic liver failure, the liver's ability to produce these factors is impaired, leading to an increased risk of bleeding and bruising due to vitamin K deficiency.
D. Folic acid deficiency is more commonly linked to anemia and certain neurological issues, but it does not cause spontaneous bleeding or bruising. It does not directly affect coagulation factors as vitamin K does.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Malnutrition and acute pancreatitis are not primary causes of chronic pancreatitis. While acute pancreatitis can lead to chronic conditions, malnutrition is not a common direct cause.
B. Heavy alcohol consumption and smoking are well-established risk factors for chronic pancreatitis. These lifestyle factors can cause inflammation and damage to the pancreas over time.
C. Caffeine consumption does not have a direct correlation with chronic pancreatitis. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor, but caffeine is not.
D. Acute hepatitis is not a common cause of chronic pancreatitis. While alcohol consumption is a risk factor, the presence of acute hepatitis is not typically a direct cause.

A. Increase fluid intake. B. Decrease protein intake. C. Decrease carbohydrate intake. D. Limit intake of potassium-rich foods.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Increasing fluid intake is not recommended, as clients with Cushing disease often have fluid retention.
B. Decreasing protein intake is not recommended because muscle wasting is a concern in Cushing disease, and adequate protein is necessary to maintain muscle mass.
C. Decreasing carbohydrate intake is recommended because Cushing disease can cause hyperglycemia, and reducing carbohydrates can help manage blood glucose levels.
D. Limiting potassium-rich foods is not advisable as Cushing disease can lead to hypokalemia, and clients may need to increase their potassium intake.

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A nurse is assessing a client with chronic liver failure who tells the nurse he is experiencing spontaneous episodes of bleeding and has noted increased areas of bruising on his arms. The nurse suspects the client has a deficiency in which of the following vitamins?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client and the client's family about chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following are the most common causes of pancreatitis that the nurse should discuss?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has Cushing disease. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is assessing a client with chronic liver failure who tells the nurse he is experiencing spontaneous episodes of bleeding and has noted increased areas of bruising on his arms. The nurse suspects the client has a deficiency in which of the following vitamins?