A nurse is assessing a client who is 24 hours postoperative following an open reduction and internal fixation to repair a fracture of the femur. Which of the following assessment findings is an early manifestation of fat embolism syndrome (FES)?

Headache

Dyspnea

Red-brown petechiae

Altered mental status

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Headache can be associated with FES; however, it is not typically considered an early sign. It may occur as a part of the broader spectrum of symptoms.

Choice B reason: Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is one of the earliest signs of FES. Patients may experience shortness of breath due to fat globules obstructing pulmonary vessels.

Choice C reason: Red-brown petechiae, which are small, pinpoint hemorrhages, can appear on the skin and are a classic sign of FES, often found in the axillary region or on the chest.

Choice D reason: Altered mental status, including confusion and drowsiness, can occur early in FES due to fat emboli traveling to the cerebral circulation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Serum creatinine is a waste product from the normal breakdown of muscle tissue. A level of 1.8 mg/dL is higher than the normal range (0.61.2 mg/dL for females), indicating impaired kidney function and an increased risk of AKI.

Choice B reason: A magnesium level of 2.0 mEq/L is within the normal range (1.72.2 mEq/L) and does not typically indicate an increased risk of AKI.

Choice C reason: A BUN level of 20 mg/dL is within the normal range (720 mg/dL) and does not suggest an increased risk of AKI by itself.

Choice D reason: A serum osmolality of 290 mOsm/kg H2O is within the normal range (275295 mOsm/kg H2O) and does not indicate an increased risk of AKI.

A. Fatigue B. Side effects of immunosuppressants C. Thrombocytopenia D. Infection

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fatigue is a common symptom of ITP but is not the primary concern for monitoring, as it does not directly indicate the severity of the condition.

Choice B reason: While monitoring for side effects of immunosuppressants is important, it is not the priority concern. The primary issue in ITP is the low platelet count, which poses a risk of bleeding.

Choice C reason: Thrombocytopenia, or low platelet count, is the hallmark of ITP and the main concern for monitoring, as it increases the risk of bleeding and bruising.

Choice D reason: Infection is a risk due to the potential use of immunosuppressants in treatment; however, the immediate concern in ITP management is the platelet count and associated bleeding risk.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is 24 hours postoperative following an open reduction and internal fixation to repair a fracture of the femur. Which of the following assessment findings is an early manifestation of fat embolism syndrome (FES)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is monitoring an older adult female client who had a myocardial infarction (MI) for the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as indicating an increased risk of AKI?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assigned to care for a client diagnosed with autoimmune or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). When reviewing the client's plan of care prior to caring for the client, the nurse should recognize that the priority concern in caring for the client is to monitor for:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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