A nurse is assessing a client who has a herniated cervical intervertebral disc. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
Tingling in the arms
Shoulder pain
Muscle spasms
Stiff neck
Low back pain
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
Choice A reason: Tingling in the arms can occur due to nerve compression caused by the herniated disc. This is a common symptom known as radicular pain, which can radiate from the neck down to the arms and hands.
Choice B reason: Shoulder pain is another expected finding, as the nerves affected by a cervical herniated disc can cause pain to radiate into the shoulders.
Choice C reason: Muscle spasms may be a reflexive response to the pain and inflammation caused by the herniated disc, as the body attempts to stabilize the affected area.
Choice D reason: A stiff neck can result from the muscle tension and reduced range of motion due to the pain and inflammation associated with a herniated cervical disc.
Choice E reason: Low back pain is not typically associated with a herniated cervical disc, as cervical discs are located in the neck region. Low back pain would be more indicative of a lumbar spine issue.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Asking about multivitamin intake is not directly relevant to GBS, as the syndrome is not known to be caused by vitamin deficiencies or related to nutritional status.
Choice B reason: A recent influenza infection is relevant because GBS is often preceded by an infection, such as a respiratory or gastrointestinal viral infection. The immune system's response to this infection may mistakenly attack peripheral nerves, leading to GBS.
Choice C reason: While travel history is important in assessing exposure to infectious diseases, it is less specific than asking about recent infections. GBS can occur after exposure to certain viruses or bacteria, which can be contracted without overseas travel.
Choice D reason: Chronic alcohol abuse is a risk factor for various neurological conditions, but it is not a typical precursor to GBS. The syndrome is more commonly associated with immune responses to infections.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A blood pressure reading of 124/79 mm Hg is considered elevated. The normal range for blood pressure is less than 120/80 mm Hg. Elevated blood pressure is when readings consistently range from 120129 systolic and less than 80 mm Hg diastolic.
Choice B reason: Stage 1 hypertension is defined by a systolic blood pressure ranging from 130 to 139 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure ranging from 80 to 89 mm Hg. The client's blood pressure does not fall into this category.
Choice C reason: Stage 2 hypertension is characterized by a systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. The client's blood pressure is below these levels.
Choice D reason: A normal blood pressure reading is typically below 120/80 mm Hg. Although the client's diastolic pressure is within the normal range, the systolic pressure is above normal, thus it does not qualify as a normal blood pressure reading.
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