A nurse is assessing a client who has a magnesium level of 4.4 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hypotension

Tachycardia

Muscle cramps

Hyperreflexia

None

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hypotension occurs because hypermagnesemia causes vasodilation, which lowers blood pressure. Magnesium acts as a smooth muscle relaxant, decreasing vascular resistance and contributing to hypotension. This is a common clinical finding when magnesium levels exceed the normal range.

B. Tachycardia is not expected with hypermagnesemia. Elevated magnesium levels depress the heart's electrical activity, leading to bradycardia (slow heart rate) instead of tachycardia.

C. Muscle cramps are typically associated with hypomagnesemia, which increases neuromuscular excitability. In hypermagnesemia, neuromuscular function is suppressed, leading to muscle weakness rather than cramps.

D. Hyperreflexia is a symptom of hypomagnesemia, not hypermagnesemia. In hypermagnesemia, neuromuscular activity is depressed, resulting in diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Serum calcium levels are not directly indicative of hypervolemia.

B. A urine specific gravity of 1.001 indicates dilute urine, which is a common finding in hypervolemia as the kidneys attempt to excrete excess fluid.

C. Serum sodium levels within the normal range (e.g., 138 mEq/L) are not indicative of hypervolemia.

D. Urine pH of 6.1 is within the normal range and does not specifically indicate hypervolemia.

A. Use the injection port farthest from the IV catheter insertion site. B. Occlude the IV tubing above the injection port. C. Check for blood return after medication administration. D. Flush the IV tubing with a heparinized solution.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Using the injection port farthest from the IV catheter insertion site is not necessary for administering an IV bolus of medication and may not be practical depending on the setup of the IV tubing.

B. Occluding the IV tubing above the injection port prevents the bolus medication from flowing into the continuous IV infusion, ensuring that the medication is delivered directly to the patient.

C. Checking for blood return after medication administration is not relevant in this context, as albumin 5% is administered intravenously and does not require blood return.

D. Flushing the IV tubing with a heparinized solution is not necessary for administering an IV bolus of medication and may not be appropriate for all medications.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has a magnesium level of 4.4 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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