A nurse is assessing a client who has a magnesium level of 4.4 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hypotension

Tachycardia

Muscle cramps

Hyperreflexia

None

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hypotension occurs because hypermagnesemia causes vasodilation, which lowers blood pressure. Magnesium acts as a smooth muscle relaxant, decreasing vascular resistance and contributing to hypotension. This is a common clinical finding when magnesium levels exceed the normal range.

B. Tachycardia is not expected with hypermagnesemia. Elevated magnesium levels depress the heart's electrical activity, leading to bradycardia (slow heart rate) instead of tachycardia.

C. Muscle cramps are typically associated with hypomagnesemia, which increases neuromuscular excitability. In hypermagnesemia, neuromuscular function is suppressed, leading to muscle weakness rather than cramps.

D. Hyperreflexia is a symptom of hypomagnesemia, not hypermagnesemia. In hypermagnesemia, neuromuscular activity is depressed, resulting in diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Insert an indwelling catheter if the client has not voided in 3 hr: This task is within the LPN’s scope of practice, including sterile procedures such as catheterization. The RN retains the responsibility to evaluate the client’s overall status but may direct the LPN to insert a catheter under specific conditions.
B. Obtain the abdominal girth now and every 4 hr: This is a non-sterile, routine measurement and would be more appropriately assigned to assistive personnel rather than an LPN.
C. Assess and document the level of consciousness every hour: Assessment of neurological status requires RN-level clinical judgment, particularly in clients at risk for hepatic encephalopathy.
D. Measure the amount of gastric drainage every 2 hr: Although within an LPN’s scope, this task is repetitive and routine and may be more appropriate for assistive personnel under supervision.

A. Troponin 11.8 ng/mL B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 17 mm/hr C. Human B-type natriuretic peptide 88 pg/ml. D. aPTT 80 seconds

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Troponin is a protein released into the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart muscle (myocardium), such as during a heart attack. Elevated troponin levels indicate myocardial injury or damage, making this the correct choice for indicating myocardial damage.

B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube of blood. It is a non-specific marker of inflammation and is not specific to myocardial damage.

C. Human B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is released by the heart in response to increased pressure and volume. Elevated levels are indicative of heart failure, not necessarily myocardial damage.

D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) measures the time it takes for blood to clot. It is used to monitor the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy and is not specific to myocardial

damage.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has a magnesium level of 4.4 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

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