A nurse is assessing a 1-year-old toddler notices a large abdominal mass and pink-tinged urine on the diaper. Which of the following disorders should the nurse suspect?

Wilms' tumor

Intussusception

Nephritic syndrome

Pyloric stenosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A Wilms' tumor is a common kidney cancer that primarily affects children. One of the classic signs of this tumor is the presence of a large abdominal mass, which may be palpable upon physical examination and hematuria (pink-tinged urine).
B.   Intussusception is a condition where a part of the intestine folds into another section, causing an obstruction. The symptoms can include episodes of severe abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody stools, and lethargy.
C.   Nephritic syndrome is a renal condition characterized by inflammation. The symptoms often include hematuria, hypertension, and oliguria.
D.   Pyloric stenosis is a condition where the distal opening of the stomach is obstructed due to smooth muscle hypertrophy. It presents with projectile vomiting after feeding, dehydration, and weight loss.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The calorie needs of toddlers vary depending on factors such as age, weight, height, activity level, and metabolism. 3,000 calories per day is likely to be excessive for most toddlers.
B. Although calorie intake is important for growth and development, the emphasis should be on the nutritional quality of the foods rather than solely on the quantity of calories consumed. Providing nutrient-rich foods ensures that the toddler receives essential vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients necessary for growth and development.
C. Vitamin supplementation may be necessary for some toddlers but it should be done under the guidance of a healthcare provider to ensure appropriate dosing and to avoid potential overdose or adverse effects.
D. An increased appetite alone does not guarantee adequate nutrition if the quality of the foods consumed is poor.

A. "I give my child ibuprofen when his muscles are aching." B. "I am encouraging my child to drink grapefruit juice." C. "I am leaving a humidifier on in my child's room when he naps." D. "I give my child aspirin to reduce his fever."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Ibuprofen is not associated with Reye syndrome. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) often used to relieve pain and reduce fever in children.

B. Grapefruit juice does not increase the risk of Reye syndrome. However, it can interact with various medications, altering their effectiveness.
C. Using a humidifier can help ease symptoms of influenza by keeping the air moist, and it does not increase the risk of Reye syndrome.
D. This statement indicates an increased risk for Reye syndrome. Aspirin, or salicylate-containing medications, should be avoided in children and teenagers recovering from viral infections like influenza due to the associated risk of Reye syndrome.

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A nurse is assessing a 1-year-old toddler notices a large abdominal mass and pink-tinged urine on the diaper. Which of the following disorders should the nurse suspect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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