A nurse is obtaining a health history from a child who has suspected acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask?

"Was your son born with this cardiac defect?"

"Has your child had any injuries recently?"

"Have you given your child aspirin in the past 2 weeks?"

"Has your son had a sore throat recently?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   This question is not relevant to the assessment for acute rheumatic fever. ARF is not a congenital cardiac defect but rather an acquired condition resulting from an abnormal immune response to a streptococcal infection.
B.   Injuries are not typically associated with the development of acute rheumatic fever. ARF is primarily triggered by an untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal infection, particularly streptococcal pharyngitis.
C.   Aspirin use is not a specific question related to the assessment of acute rheumatic fever. Aspirin therapy may be indicated for managing symptoms of ARF, but it is not a diagnostic criterion for the condition.
D.   Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is an autoimmune condition affecting the heart, joints, skin, and central nervous system. It follows an untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal infection, particularly streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat).

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The practice as it helps prevent the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus, which is beneficial for infants with gastroesophageal reflux.

B. This statement does not necessarily indicate an understanding of the teaching. Breast milk or formula can be used for infants with reflux; however, some formulas are designed to be easier to digest or less likely to cause reflux.

C. This is not generally recommended for infants with reflux. The safest position for all infants, including those with reflux, is on their back to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

D. This may be recommended in some cases to help reduce the symptoms of reflux. However, it's important to do this under the guidance of a healthcare provider to ensure it's done safely and appropriately. Thickening formula should be done with caution as it can increase the risk of choking.

A. "We will give our child pancreatic enzymes with snacks and meals." B. "We will restrict the amount of salt in our child's food." C. "I will limit my child's fluid intake." D. "I will prepare low-fat meals with limited protein for my child."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Children with CF often have pancreatic insufficiency, leading to malabsorption of nutrients. Pancreatic enzymes help digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, allowing for better absorption of nutrients from food.

B. This response is not specifically related to the nutritional management of CF. While individuals with CF may have increased salt loss through sweat and may need to consume more salt to maintain electrolyte balance, restricting salt is not typically part of CF nutrition management.

C. Hydration is important for individuals with CF to help maintain normal mucus consistency and prevent dehydration, especially during times of increased respiratory secretions.
D. Children with CF often have increased energy needs due to the increased work of breathing and malabsorption of nutrients. Therefore, it is important to provide a diet that is high in calories and nutrient-dense.

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A nurse is obtaining a health history from a child who has suspected acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask?

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