A nurse is admitting a client who has status asthmaticus. The client's ABG results are Ph:7.31, Pa02:74mm Hg, PaC02: 56 mmHg and HCO-3: 26mEq/L The nurse should interpret these laboratory values as which of the following imbalances?
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
The Correct Answer is B
The pH value is less than the normal range of 7.35-7.45, indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 value is elevated above the normal range of 35-45 mmHg, indicating respiratory acidosis. The PaO2 value is lower than normal, but not significantly low enough to indicate hypoxemia. The HCO3- level is within the normal range, but not significantly high enough to indicate metabolic compensation for respiratory acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Clients with acute gastritis are recommended to eat smaller, frequent meals instead of three large meals. This helps to reduce the workload on the digestive system and allows the stomach to heal. Therefore, option A is not a suitable nursing intervention for a client with acute gastritis.
Options b, c, and d are all appropriate nursing interventions for a client with acute gastritis. Observing stool characteristics can help to identify any bleeding or inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, evaluating intake and output can help to identify any fluid imbalances, and monitoring laboratory reports of electrolytes can help to identify any imbalances that may occur because of vomiting or diarrhea.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia are the main reasons for initiating cardiac monitoring in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. In diabetic ketoacidosis, insulin deficiency causes the body to break down fat for energy, leading to the production of ketones and resulting in metabolic acidosis. In addition, glucose and potassium are lost in the urine due to osmotic diuresis. Hypokalemia can cause ECG changes and dysrhythmias, which can be life-threatening.
Hypokalemia is a common complication of DKA and can lead to ECG changes such as ST-segment depression, T-wave inversion, and U waves².
Hypovolemic shock related to osmotic diuresis is an important consideration in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis, but it is not the primary reason for initiating cardiac monitoring.
Cardiovascular collapse resulting from the effects of hyperglycemia is not a common complication of diabetic ketoacidosis, and it is not the primary reason for initiating cardiac monitoring.
Fluid overload resulting from aggressive fluid replacement is a potential complication of diabetic ketoacidosis, but it is not the primary reason for initiating cardiac monitoring.
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