A nurse is admitting a client who has dementia related to a traumatic brain injury. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client's condition is worsening?

Visual field cuts

Decreased CD4 counts

Shuffling gait

Chorea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Dementia related to a traumatic brain injury can result in a variety of cognitive and physical impairments. A shuffling gait, characterized by short steps with feet barely leaving the ground, is often associated with Parkinsonian symptoms, which can occur in advanced stages of dementia or as the condition progresses. Therefore, a shuffling gait would indicate worsening of the client's condition.

A. While visual disturbance can occur in individuals with dementia, visual field cuts alone may not necessarily indicate worsening of the condition unless they are accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

B. CD4 counts are a measure of immune system function, particularly in relation to HIV/AIDS. Decreased CD4 counts are not typically associated with dementia related to traumatic brain injury and would not be a relevant finding in this context.

D. Chorea is not a common feature of dementia related to traumatic brain injury. The presence of chorea may indicate a different underlying neurological condition or complication

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B In Alzheimer's disease, cortical thinning typically begins in the temporal and parietal lobes of the brain, areas associated with memory, language, and higher cognitive functions. As the disease progresses, cortical thinning may extend to other regions of the brain, contributing to the worsening cognitive decline seen in affected individuals.

A. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) can result in various structural and functional changes in the brain, including cortical atrophy, but cortical thinning is not a specific hallmark of HIV infection-related dementia.

C. Prion diseases can lead to spongiform changes and neuronal loss in the brain, but cortical thinning is not typically described as a characteristic feature.

D. Chronic substance abuse, particularly alcohol and certain drugs, can lead to structural and functional changes in the brain, including cortical atrophy. However, cortical thinning is not specific to substance use disorder-related dementia and can occur in various other neurological conditions as well.

A. The importance of routine red blood cell count laboratory work when taking an antipsychotic B. The importance of limiting fluid intake when taking an antipsychotic C. The importance of avoiding foods that contain tyramine when taking an antipsychotic D. The importance of medication adherence after the resolution of acute psychosis when taking an antipsychotic

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. One of the most significant potential side effects of clozapine is agranulocytosis, a severe decrease in the number of white blood cells not red blood cells, particularly neutrophils.

B. Limiting fluid intake is not typically a specific concern associated with clozapine.

C. Clozapine is not known to have significant interactions with tyramine-rich foods

D. Medication adherence is a key component in clients on clozapine to prevent acute psychotic episodes.

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A nurse is admitting a client who has dementia related to a traumatic brain injury. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client's condition is worsening?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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