A nurse is working with an older adult client who has been diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder. Which of the following should the nurse consider when working with an older adult who has somatic symptom disorder?

C. Codependency refers to a dysfunctional pattern of behavior in which a person excessively relies on another individual (often a partner or family member) for their sense of identity, self- worth, or emotional well-being. In this scenario, the partner's demand to see the client's records

and treatment plan, as well as the assertion of needing to oversee the treatment, suggests an excessive need for control and involvement in the client's life and healthcare decisions.

A. Manipulation involves influencing or controlling someone in a deceptive or dishonest way to achieve one's own goals.

B. Marginalization refers to the exclusion or relegation of a person or group to a lower or outer edge of society or a group.

D. Enabling refers to behaviors that unintentionally or intentionally allow someone to continue engaging in harmful behaviors or avoid facing consequences.

A. Phase 1 of the cycle of violence, also known as the tension-building phase, is characterized by increasing tension and conflict between the parties involved in the abusive relationship. During this phase, arguments, disagreements, and conflicts escalate in frequency and intensity.

B Physical harm typically occurs during phase 2 of the cycle of violence, known as the acute or explosion phase.

C. This phase follows the acute phase and is characterized by the perpetrator expressing remorse, making excuses for their behavior, or attempting to reconcile with the victim through gestures of affection, gifts, or promises to change. However, these promises are often short- lived and may be followed by a return to tension-building behavior and the cycle of violence repeating.

D. Law enforcement involvement is not specific to phase 1 of the cycle, during which tensions are escalating and conflicts are increasing in frequency.