A nurse is working with an older adult client who has been diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder. Which of the following should the nurse consider when working with an older adult who has somatic symptom disorder?

D. The client's symptoms, including paranoia, perceptual disturbances (such as seeing things that aren't there), erratic behavior, and disorientation, are consistent with the effects of hallucinogens. Hallucinogens are a class of drugs that alter perception, mood, and cognitive processes.

A. Anabolic steroids are synthetic variations of the male sex hormone testosterone. They are primarily used to promote muscle growth and enhance athletic performance.

B Opioids are a class of drugs that include prescription pain relievers, such as oxycodone and morphine, as well as illegal drugs like heroin.

C. Stimulants, such as cocaine and amphetamines, can cause symptoms such as paranoia, agitation, and hallucinations, particularly at high doses or with chronic use. However, the client's symptoms of darting eyes, paranoia, yelling, mumbling, and gesturing are more suggestive of hallucinogen use rather than stimulant use.

C Encouraging the client to identify the emotions they feel immediately before performing the self-harm behavior is an important intervention. It can help the client develop insight into triggers and underlying emotions that contribute to the behavior. Identifying and addressing these emotions can be a crucial step in developing healthier coping mechanisms.

A. It is crucial to convey the potential risks associated with self-harm and emphasize the importance of seeking help and safer coping strategies.

B. Non-suicidal self-harm is a significant concern that requires attention and appropriate intervention. While NSSH does not necessarily indicate immediate suicidal intent, it can indicate significant distress

D. NSSH does not necessarily indicate suicidal intent, and placing the client in constant observation without clinical justification may be intrusive and undermine therapeutic rapport.