A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Choice A rationale

Securing the catheter helps prevent it from moving, which reduces the risk of urethral trauma and infection. Proper fixation is essential for patient safety and comfort.

Choice B rationale

Urine should not be obtained from the drainage bag for specimen collection as it may be contaminated. Fresh urine samples directly from the catheter port are more accurate.

Choice C rationale

Catheter bags should be changed based on clinical need, which can be more frequent than every 3 days. This ensures hygiene and reduces infection risks.

Choice D rationale

The drainage bag should be kept below the bladder level to prevent backflow of urine, which can lead to infection.

Choice A rationale

Health information should not be disclosed to an employer for pre-employment screening without the client's consent, as it violates privacy regulations and the client's right to confidentiality. Such disclosures could lead to discrimination or bias in employment decisions.

Choice B rationale

Disclosing health information to a family member without the client's consent is a breach of confidentiality. The client must provide explicit permission, unless the situation involves an immediate risk to the client's or others' safety, which is not indicated here.

Choice C rationale

Sharing health information with a medical interpreter service on behalf of a client is permissible, as it facilitates communication between the client and healthcare providers. This action supports the client's care and ensures accurate understanding of medical information, making it an exception to the confidentiality rule.

Choice D rationale

Disclosing health information to an insurance agency regarding a life insurance policy requires the client's consent. It involves sharing sensitive information that could affect policy terms and premiums. Without consent, this disclosure would breach confidentiality laws.