A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Orthostatic hypotension.

BMI of 24.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Family history of osteoporosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Orthostatic hypotension is characterized by a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up, often due to dehydration, medication side effects, or autonomic dysfunction. While concerning, it is not a direct risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Choice B rationale

A BMI of 24 is within the normal range (18.5–24.9) and is not considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Maintaining a healthy BMI is part of cardiovascular disease prevention.

Choice C rationale

Type 1 diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease due to its impact on blood vessels and the heart. It is a well-documented risk factor requiring careful management.

Choice D rationale

A family history of osteoporosis is relevant for bone health but does not directly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular risk factors are more closely related to metabolic and lifestyle factors.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Using a narrower cuff can result in an inaccurate blood pressure reading by providing artificially high values due to increased pressure on a smaller surface area.

Choice B rationale

Requesting a prescription for an antihypertensive medication is premature without verifying the accuracy of the initial blood pressure measurement and considering other factors that might have influenced the reading.

Choice C rationale

Measuring the client's blood pressure in the other arm can help confirm the initial reading. Differences in readings between arms can occur, and a second measurement ensures accuracy and proper assessment.

Choice D rationale

Deflating the cuff faster when repeating the blood pressure measurement can lead to inaccurate readings. The cuff should be deflated at a standard rate to ensure reliability and accuracy in the measurement. .

A. "I'm glad to have the opportunity to choose what kind of care I receive while I still can.”. B. "I can't change my mind about the care I will receive once I sign my living will.”. C. "Once I fill out my living will, there will be a 1-month delay before it is legally binding.”. D. "If I want life support, I'll need to sign a separate consent form first.”.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

This statement indicates that the client understands advance directives allow them to make decisions about their care while they are still capable. This reflects the purpose of advance directives, which is to respect and uphold the client’s autonomy and choices regarding their medical care.

Choice B rationale

This statement is incorrect because clients can change their advance directives or living will at any time. The purpose of these documents is to provide flexibility and ensure that the client's current wishes are followed.

Choice C rationale

This statement is incorrect. Once a living will is signed and witnessed or notarized, it becomes legally binding without a waiting period. The delay mentioned here is not a part of the advance directive process.

Choice D rationale

This statement is not accurate. A living will usually includes decisions about life support, and a separate consent form is not typically needed for those decisions. The client’s wishes regarding life support would be documented in the living will itself.

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A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record.Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

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A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record.
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?