A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days.Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Hypermagnesemia.

Hyperkalemia.

Hyponatremia.

Hypocalcemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Hypermagnesemia is less common with vomiting and diarrhea. These conditions usually cause a loss of magnesium rather than an excess.

Choice B rationale

Hyperkalemia is also less typical. Vomiting and diarrhea tend to cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia instead.

Choice C rationale

Hyponatremia is common as vomiting and diarrhea result in the loss of sodium and water, leading to low blood sodium levels.

Choice D rationale

Hypocalcemia is not a primary result of vomiting and diarrhea. Calcium levels are usually not directly affected by gastrointestinal fluid loss.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Avoid placing toilet tissue in the bedpan after defecation to prevent contamination of the stool specimen. Toilet tissue can introduce foreign substances that may interfere with lab results.

Choice B rationale

Urinate after the specimen collection is incorrect because urine can contaminate the stool sample. The client should urinate before collecting the stool specimen to avoid mixing the two.

Choice C rationale

Placing 1.3 cm (0.5 in) of formed stool into a culture tube is insufficient for a proper stool sample. Typically, a larger sample is needed to ensure enough material is available for testing.

Choice D rationale

Keeping the specimen in a warm area is incorrect because stool samples should be kept in a cool environment to preserve the integrity of the specimen until it can be analyzed.

A. A client who has ulcerative colitis. B. A client who has cholecystitis. C. A client who uses laxatives. D. A client who has stomatitis.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Ulcerative colitis often results in inflammation and ulcers in the colon lining, which can lead to bleeding and a positive fecal occult blood test. This is a common complication of the condition.

Choice B rationale

Cholecystitis, an inflammation of the gallbladder, does not typically cause gastrointestinal bleeding or a positive fecal occult blood test. It is more associated with abdominal pain and digestive issues.

Choice C rationale

The use of laxatives generally does not cause internal bleeding that would result in a positive fecal occult blood test. Laxatives are more likely to cause changes in bowel habits and diarrhea.

Choice D rationale

Stomatitis, inflammation of the mouth, is unlikely to cause a positive fecal occult blood test. It primarily affects the oral cavity and is not associated with gastrointestinal bleeding. .

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days.Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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