A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days.Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Hypermagnesemia.
Hyperkalemia.
Hyponatremia.
Hypocalcemia.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Hypermagnesemia is less common with vomiting and diarrhea. These conditions usually cause a loss of magnesium rather than an excess.
Choice B rationale
Hyperkalemia is also less typical. Vomiting and diarrhea tend to cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia instead.
Choice C rationale
Hyponatremia is common as vomiting and diarrhea result in the loss of sodium and water, leading to low blood sodium levels.
Choice D rationale
Hypocalcemia is not a primary result of vomiting and diarrhea. Calcium levels are usually not directly affected by gastrointestinal fluid loss.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Turning the client on their back during seizures is not recommended as it can obstruct the airway and increase the risk of injury. Positioning on the side is safer to maintain an open airway.
Choice B rationale
Gently restraining the client during seizures can cause injury and is not advisable. It is important to protect the client from harm by clearing the area around them instead.
Choice C rationale
Loosening the client’s clothing during seizures can help ensure they are not restricted and can breathe comfortably. It also reduces the risk of injury from tight or constrictive clothing.
Choice D rationale
Inserting a washcloth or any object into the client’s mouth during seizures is dangerous and can cause choking or damage to the teeth and mouth. The focus should be on ensuring safety without putting objects in the mouth.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Documenting the refusal in the client's medical record is important for legal and clinical reasons, ensuring there's a record of the client's decision and the nurse's response. However, it doesn't address the client's immediate concerns or needs.
Choice B rationale
Returning the medication to the medication cabinet is a necessary step to ensure medication safety and avoid accidental administration. Yet, it does not address the client's reasons for refusal or the potential risks involved.
Choice C rationale
The nurse’s first action should be to provide client education about the importance of taking the medication and the potential consequences of refusal (e.g., increased blood pressure, risk of stroke or heart attack). Addressing the client’s concerns about side effects can encourage adherence or lead to an alternative treatment plan.Client autonomy is respected, but ensuring informed refusal is part of the nurse’s role.
Choice D rationale
The provider should be informed, but only after the nurse has attempted to educate and address the client’s concerns. The provider may adjust the prescription if side effects are problematic.
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