A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days.Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Hypermagnesemia.
Hyperkalemia.
Hyponatremia.
Hypocalcemia.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Hypermagnesemia is less common with vomiting and diarrhea. These conditions usually cause a loss of magnesium rather than an excess.
Choice B rationale
Hyperkalemia is also less typical. Vomiting and diarrhea tend to cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia instead.
Choice C rationale
Hyponatremia is common as vomiting and diarrhea result in the loss of sodium and water, leading to low blood sodium levels.
Choice D rationale
Hypocalcemia is not a primary result of vomiting and diarrhea. Calcium levels are usually not directly affected by gastrointestinal fluid loss.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Applying suction while inserting the catheter is incorrect and can cause tissue damage and hypoxia. Suction should only be applied while withdrawing the catheter to prevent injury to the tracheal mucosa.
Choice B rationale
Applying intermittent suction for up to 30 seconds is excessive and can cause hypoxia and trauma to the trachea. The correct duration for intermittent suctioning is 10-15 seconds per pass to minimize these risks.
Choice C rationale
Preoxygenating the client prior to suctioning helps prevent hypoxia by ensuring the client has adequate oxygen reserves during the procedure. This is a standard practice to enhance patient safety during suctioning.
Choice D rationale
Instructing the client to swallow during catheter insertion is inappropriate and can lead to gagging or aspiration. The client should be relaxed and still during insertion to prevent complications.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Verifying the bilirubin level of the tube contents is not a standard or reliable method for checking the placement of a feeding tube. Bilirubin is a bile pigment found in the liver and bile ducts, and its levels are not indicative of tube placement in the gastrointestinal tract.
Choice B rationale
Checking the pH level of gastric contents can help determine if the tube is in the stomach, but it is not the most reliable method. Gastric pH is typically acidic (1.5-3.5), but the pH can vary, and this method does not rule out respiratory placement or other incorrect placements.
Choice C rationale
Auscultating for air insufflation involves listening for the sound of air injected through the tube into the stomach. However, this method is not reliable as it does not confirm the exact location of the tube and can give false positives if the tube is in the esophagus or respiratory tract.
Choice D rationale
Requesting a chest x-ray is the most reliable method for verifying feeding tube placement. It provides a clear visual confirmation of the tube's location, ensuring it is correctly positioned in the stomach or small intestine and not in the respiratory tract or other incorrect locations.
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