A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for 2 days.Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Hypermagnesemia.
Hyperkalemia.
Hyponatremia.
Hypocalcemia.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Hypermagnesemia is less common with vomiting and diarrhea. These conditions usually cause a loss of magnesium rather than an excess.
Choice B rationale
Hyperkalemia is also less typical. Vomiting and diarrhea tend to cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia instead.
Choice C rationale
Hyponatremia is common as vomiting and diarrhea result in the loss of sodium and water, leading to low blood sodium levels.
Choice D rationale
Hypocalcemia is not a primary result of vomiting and diarrhea. Calcium levels are usually not directly affected by gastrointestinal fluid loss.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increased peripheral circulation is not a typical part of the aging process. In fact, aging is often associated with decreased circulation due to vascular changes and reduced cardiac output.
Choice B rationale
Constipation is more common in older adults due to factors like reduced intestinal motility, decreased fluid intake, and medication side effects, making it a relevant physiological change in aging.
Choice C rationale
Decreased muscle mass, or sarcopenia, is a common part of aging. It results from a combination of reduced physical activity, hormonal changes, and nutritional deficiencies.
Choice D rationale
A decreased cough reflex in older adults increases the risk of aspiration and respiratory infections. It results from changes in neurological function and reduced muscle strength.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While checking recent medication administration is important, it is not the immediate priority when a client is experiencing shortness of breath. Immediate actions should focus on assessing and improving the client's oxygenation status.
Choice B rationale
Reviewing the client’s most recent SaO2 level is useful, but not the first action to take when there is an immediate concern for the client’s oxygenation. Addressing the current low SaO2 level takes precedence.
Choice C rationale
Notifying the charge nurse is necessary, but the nurse should first attempt to quickly re-evaluate the client’s condition and try simple interventions to improve oxygenation, such as having the client cough and clear their throat.
Choice D rationale
Rechecking the SaO2 level after having the client cough and clear their throat is the appropriate first action. This can help determine if the low SaO2 reading is due to a temporary obstruction, such as mucus, and allows for a more accurate assessment of the client's respiratory status. .
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