A nurse in a provider's office is monitoring the laboratory results of a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following results indicates that the client demonstrates acceptable glycemic control?

Random plasma glucose 176 mg/dL.

Triglycerides 182 mg/dL.

HbA1c 6.8%.

Fasting blood glucose 120 mg/dL.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

A random plasma glucose level of 176 mg/dL indicates high blood sugar at the time of the test. Random glucose levels are not ideal for assessing glycemic control as they can vary based on recent food intake and stressors.

Choice B rationale:

Triglyceride levels are not used to assess glycemic control. They measure the amount of triglycerides in the bloodstream and are related to lipid metabolism, not glucose control.

Choice C rationale:

HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) is a long-term measure of blood glucose control. An HbA1c level of 6.8% indicates acceptable glycemic control in a person with diabetes. The normal range for HbA1c is typically less than 6.5%. This test reflects the average blood sugar level over the past 2-3 months, giving a better understanding of overall glucose control.

Choice D rationale:

Fasting blood glucose of 120 mg/dL is slightly elevated. While fasting blood glucose levels below 100 mg/dL are generally considered normal, levels between 100-125 mg/dL are considered prediabetic, and levels above 126 mg/dL on two separate occasions indicate diabetes. The result provided falls within the prediabetic range but does not indicate optimal glycemic control.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

"I can designate my partner as my health care surrogate."

A. Correct. Designating a health care surrogate is one of the components of an advance directive, which allows the client to appoint someone who can make medical decisions on their behalf if they are unable to do so themselves.
B. Incorrect. Age is not a factor that determines the need for an advance directive, as anyone can become incapacitated at any time due to illness or injury.
C. Incorrect. A lawyer's help is not necessary to draw up an advance directive, as there are standardized forms available that can be filled out by the client and witnessed by two adults. - D. Incorrect. The family cannot alter or override the advance directives of the client unless they have been designated as their health care surrogate or have obtained a court order to do so.

A. Limit suctioning the client's airway to 30 seconds at a time B. Group several nursing activities to be completed at one time C. Flex the client's neck forward D. Place the client in a quiet environment

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Place the client in a quiet environment.

A. Limiting suctioning the client's airway to 30 seconds at a time can reduce intracranial pressure by minimizing hypoxia and hypercarbia, which can cause cerebral vasodilation and increased cerebral blood volume. However, this intervention alone is not sufficient to prevent increased intracranial pressure, and suctioning should be done only when necessary and with caution. Therefore, this choice is partially correct but not the best answer.
B. Grouping several nursing activities to be completed at one time can increase intracranial pressure by stimulating the client and causing fluctuations in blood pressure and heart rate.Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
C. Flexing the client's neck forward can increase intracranial pressure by impeding venous drainage from the brain and increasing cerebral blood volume. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
D. Placing the client in a quiet environment can reduce intracranial pressure by minimizing sensory stimulation and promoting relaxation, which can lower blood pressure and heart rate and decrease cerebral metabolic demand. Therefore, this choice is correct and the best answer.

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A nurse in a provider's office is monitoring the laboratory results of a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.Which of the following results indicates that the client demonstrates acceptable glycemic control?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse in a provider's office is monitoring the laboratory results of a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following results indicates that the client demonstrates acceptable glycemic control?