A nurse in a long-term care facility is collecting data from an older adult client. Which of the following findings indicates that the client might be dehydrated?

Choice A reason: Eliminating egg whites from the diet is not necessary, as they are a good source of protein and do not contain any fat or cholesterol. The client should limit or avoid egg yolks, which are high in cholesterol and saturated fat.

Choice B reason: Using coconut oil when preparing food is not advisable, as it is a source of saturated fat that can raise blood cholesterol levels and increase the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease. The client should use unsaturated fats, such as olive oil or canola oil, which can lower blood cholesterol levels and improve heart health.

Choice C reason: Eating fish three times a week is a good practice, as fish are rich in omega-3 fatty acids that can reduce inflammation, lower blood pressure, and prevent blood clots that can cause heart attacks or strokes. The client should choose oily fish, such as salmon, tuna, or mackerel, which have higher amounts of omega-3 fatty acids.

Choice D reason: Including 2 percent milk in the diet is not recommended, as it contains more fat and calories than skim or 1 percent milk. The client should choose low-fat or fat-free dairy products, such as yogurt, cheese, or milk, which can provide calcium and protein without excess fat.

Choice A reason: Urinating before and after sexual intercourse can help flush out any bacteria that may have entered the urinary tract during sexual activity, and prevent them from causing an infection.

Choice B reason: Increasing milk consumption to make the urine more alkaline is not a recommended instruction, as it may increase the risk of developing kidney stones or calcium deposits in the urinary tract.

Choice C reason: Emptying the bladder at least every 4 hours is a good practice, but not sufficient to prevent urinary tract infections. The nurse should also advise the client to drink plenty of fluids, especially water, to dilute the urine and flush out bacteria.

Choice D reason: Using vaginal douche once a week is not a recommended instruction, as it may alter the normal flora of the vagina and increase the risk of infection. The nurse should advise the client to avoid using any products that may irritate the genital area, such as perfumed soaps, sprays, or powders.

Choice E reason: Drinking cranberry juice daily is not a proven method to prevent urinary tract infections, although some studies suggest that it may have some benefits. The nurse should inform the client that cranberry juice may interact with some medications, such as warfarin, and that it may also increase the acidity of the urine, which can cause discomfort or burning sensation.